Vinaire's Blog

My recent realization has been that the concept of “ether” was discarded not only by Einstein but also by Faraday and Maxwell.

The concept of “ether” that was discarded was a “medium in which light traveled as a wave.” 

Faraday replaced that “ether” by the concept of a field of force. Maxwell gave that field the sense of being an electromagnetic substance. Light became this electromagnetic substance instead of being a disturbance in some static medium.

Einstein then added further meat to that electromagnetic substance, which varied up and down the electromagnetic spectrum. He recognized the property of the momentum of radiation and equated it with the momentum of matter to come up with famous energy-matter equivalence. 

But Einstein assumed the electromagnetic substance to exist in the form of small or large discrete energy-packets in space. There is no reason why momentum of radiation cannot be viewed as coming from the consistency of a fluid-like continuum view of energy. It does not change the mathematics. See the above excerpt from Einstein’s autobiographical notes.

The consistency of a fluid-like continuum of energy can express a quantum just as well as a point-like discrete energy-packet in space.

Now we can go back to the ancient view of “ether” as being the substance of space itself. We may now associate that with the Higgs field. The secret of gravitation may now be explored through the Higgs field.

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Reference: A Logical Approach to Theoretical Physics

The DOPA (Differential Opposing Partial Absorption) theory has four presumptive tenets. Firstly, that gravitational waves exist. Secondly, that they are traveling through the universe in every direction. Thirdly, that they penetrate and pass through matter with great ease. And, fourthly, that in passing through matter they impose a tiny accelerating force on each atom in the direction of wave propagation, giving up energy in exchange.

DOPA theory does not define what a gravitational wave is. According to the “Logical Approach to Theoretical Physics” (LATP) a gravitational wave is more like “fluctuations” in the gravitational field. 

A field has substance. This substance has consistency (a degree of density, firmness, viscosity, etc.). The field fluctuates in its consistency. Such fluctuations appear as force. A fluctuation spreads through the field. The rapidity with which it spreads depends on the consistency of the field. The lower is the consistency the more rapidly the fluctuation spreads in the field. The fluctuation spreads out in all directions.

It is postulated that this gravitational field is space itself, and the fluctuations in space appear as gravitational force. The consistency of space is extremely small. Therefore, the progress of gravitational fluctuation through space is extremely rapid.

The electromagnetic field has a very large spectrum. The fluctuations in electromagnetic field appear as the electromagnetic force that radiates out in all directions. Light is an example of it. The electromagnetic field has much higher consistency than space. Therefore, it is expected that gravitational fluctuation shall spread much faster than the speed of light.

We may, therefore, assume the presence of “gravitational radiation.”

We understand the atom to be an “energy whirlpool” in which energy is condensing toward its center. This is the same pattern that we see in galaxies. The atom has its “nucleus” at the center just like the galaxy has its “black hole.” Atoms are oriented in random directions in space just like the galaxies are. We may say that matter forms the upper end of the energy spectrum.

The force that fills the space has both gravitational and electromagnetic characteristics. As energy condenses into mass at the center of the atom, both gravitational and electromagnetic force gets concentrated in the nucleus. As this force spreads out from the atom it exhibits only its gravitational component at the farthest reaches. Thus, it may be said that gravitational force “penetrates and passes through matter with great ease.”

Of course, gravitational force is manifested throughout the universe. We see it manifested at cosmic level. It is then not a stretch to consider the gravitational force also being manifested at the atomic level.

The gravitational force is the ultimate expression of substance. We know matter as substance because it is obviously substantial. Since Einstein we have come to recognize energy as a substance too. Now it seems that we need to recognize space itself as a substance for it carries the gravitational radiation.

DOPA seems to assume that gravitational waves by default are very strong. The gravitational force becomes strong only when “space” condenses itself as “mass.” DOPA seems to assume non-moving points in space. Non-moving points in space are simply the points of condensed space.

“Substantiality” is the most fundamental dimension in this universe. Substantiality increases from space to energy to matter. The gradient of substantiality appears as force. There is a high gradient of substantiality between the nucleus and surrounding electronic region. This is where force appears as charge.

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DOPA = Differential Opposing Partial Absorption
LIGO = Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatories at Livingston and Hanford, USA.
EMF = Electromagnetic Field

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I differ in my understanding of QUANTA. It applies to electromagnetic radiation. Einstein looked at quanta as corpuscles in space, and so does current science. But I look at quanta as the consistency (a degree of density, firmness, viscosity, etc.) of radiation. The idea of corpuscles comes from reactions that we see in experiments where radiation is involved.

For example, in a double-slit experiment with electrons we see flashes of light when the electrons hit the screen. We, therefore, think that the electrons are corpuscles. But then we see a light and dark pattern emerging on the screen, which means that the electron flow is actually a wave form that passed through both the slits. This is not possible when we think of electrons as corpuscles.

The best explanation is that electron flow is a flow of thick energy through the double-slit that reacts as points where its wave front impacts the screen. The whole wave seems to get concentrated at the point of impact.

This provides a different picture of the “particles” of Quantum Mechanics.

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Earlier I wrote in Final Comments to Einstein 1938: The Quanta of Light:

In the photoelectric effect, an increase in the intensity of light only increased the number of electrons emitted and not their energy (velocity). This implies an increase in the same type of interactions between light and electrons. Hence, light must also be composed of particles like electrons.

When the wavelength of light was increased, it lowered the energy of the electrons emitted, and not their number. This implies that the energy was supplied by the composition of light particles and not by their kinetic energy. In other words, the inertia (innate force) of light particles converted into the velocity of the electrons. It is like a conversion from “mass” into “energy”.

A constant velocity is an outcome of balanced forces. Inertia is the innate force of the substance that balances the acceleration of the quantum particle. As this balance shifts, so does the velocity. Thus, underlying the exchange of energy there is a balance of forces in terms of momentum.

Einstein refers to these light and electricity particles as “energy quanta”, but, much earlier, Faraday referred to them as lines of force. These lines of force may be viewed as string-like “force quanta”. This view explains the wave properties of light and generates no conflict with its quantum properties.”

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