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    The Philosophy

    Reference: UNIVERSE: The Basic Definitions

    As knowledge became more sophisticated, it progressed from religion to philosophy and science. All the early philosophers and scientists were man of religion. They were attempting to know the world; and, therefore, God. They were not satisfied with a theistic interpretation of God.

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    Definition of PHILOSOPHY

    Philosophy, literally means, “the love of wisdom.” It is a systematic study of general and fundamental questions concerning topics like existence, reason, knowledge, value, mind, and language. It is a rational and critical inquiry that reflects on its own methods and assumptions.

    The scientific method is a product of philosophy, that has taken the seeking of answers to a new level. The scientific method has been pretty successful in the realm of matter and energy, where the experience has been pretty uniform for everybody. However, it has run into trouble in the areas  where experience has been subject to increasing interpretation, such as, in the realm of thought.

    The scientific method has always sought consistency with our perception of the universe. As perceptions get finer and more uncertain, it is necessary to establish consistency at the broadest level possible, and then use that certainty to establish consistency at the next level, and so on. This is assisted by the principle of Oneness and the concept of anomalies (See LOGIC).

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    Notes

    Philosophy has followed the same path as religion, which is the seeking of answers. From philosophy has come the more robust method of investigation, which is science. When we take a broad view of religion, philosophy and science, we see a powerful and insatiable drive to find answers.

    Philosophy has achieved a remarkable precision in its investigation of the physical phenomena through its scientific method. But the same precision has been lacking when it comes to the spiritual or thought phenomena. This has slowed down the progress of philosophy.

    Now that we can state the principle of Oneness with precision, we can review and strengthen the gains that philosophy has made until now and move forward from there.

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    Key Misconception

    More than a misconception, what seems to be missing from the subject of philosophy, is a method to assimilate all the knowledge that we have gathered. That requires the principle of Oneness.

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    More Misconceptions

    You may discover more misconceptions on your own, if you contemplate on each sentence of the above definition with mindfulness. Please see:

    The 12 Aspects of Mindfulness

    Or, you may end up improving upon this definition.

    Good luck!

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    The Religion

    Reference: UNIVERSE: The Basic Definitions

    The focus of religion has been on the problem of the suffering of man. A big concern of religion is how to get along with one another without destruction.  

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    Definition of RELIGION

    The religion was the first effort of the thinking mind to explain the world it experienced. It was beset by unknowns, so it postulated to make sense out of it. It referred to the common denominator of all existence as God. It then started to use God to explain all phenomena, while exploring the nature of God.

    Religion contemplated that there must be something that satisfies the deepest desires of man. This brings us to the question, “What do we really want?” Things like pleasure, wealth, fame and power are desired but they are only means to deeper desires, such as, existence, awareness, and joy. Man wants these things to an infinite degree. We recognize this infinite state of satisfaction as God. This divine state exists within us, but it is covered up by distractions. We just have to make this journey from ourselves as we are now to our real selves that is divine.

    Each one of us will complete this journey no matter how many lifetimes it takes. What passes from one lifetime to another are thought patterns made of our karma (action). We are what we have thought. Our thoughts have led to certain tendencies. These tendencies have led to certain actions. These actions have certain consequences. This whole pattern of thought is the Karma that determines our current spiritual form. As we dissolve this karma, we make progress toward our real selves that is divine.

    Making this journey is the whole purpose of religion. As we dissolve our karma, so we also resolve our social problems and sufferings.

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    Notes

    We are looking at religion as a subject here and not at the different religions that exist in the world. The above definition outlines the purpose of religion regardless of what religion it is. The concept of desires, wants, suffering, karma and resolution is dealt with in every religion, though different terminologies are used.

    People who swear by Scientology, or who swear by Christianity; or, who swear by Islam, are simply fixated. They have no idea of what religion truly is. They do not know the true basis of Scientology, or of Christianity, or of any other religion that they swear by.

    The down side of religion that it it causes fixation on whatever postulate one has made about God. But God is just the opposite of any fixation. There is nothing wrong with entertaining the idea of a personal God. But if a person is fixated on a personal God, he does not understand God.

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    Key Misconception

    The key misconception is to get fixated on a religion and its terminology instead of acquiring a deeper understanding of it. All religions are there to help man. It is senseless to fight over them.

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    More Misconceptions

    You may discover more misconceptions on your own, if you contemplate on each sentence of the above definition with mindfulness. Please see:

    The 12 Aspects of Mindfulness

    Or, you may end up improving upon this definition.

    Good luck!

    .

    The Objective-Subjective

    Reference: UNIVERSE: The Basic Definitions

    We look at objective as belonging to the object of thought; and, subjective as belonging to the thinking subject. The anomaly here is that these definitions of objective and subjective are an outcome of our thinking only.

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    The definition of OBJECTIVE-SUBJECTIVE

    In science, objective is the information derived from or guided by direct experience or by experiment; and subjective is the information derived from or guided by abstract principles or theory.

    Thus, science looks for results that are consistent with the physical universe. It is, therefore, limited to understanding the physical phenomena. When it comes to the understanding of spiritual phenomena, science does not think that it has a firm basis to determine what is consistent.

    Normally, we see verifiable information based on facts and evidence to be objective. To us, the information or perspectives based on feelings, opinions, or emotions are subjective. Today we see even facts and evidence being doubted and questioned.

    More and more people are moving towards the extreme view that everything is subjective. So, we need another way of looking at the meanings of objective and subjective.

    At the highest level of logic we find continuity, consistency and harmony to be the criterion for a complete picture of what is there. We call this criterion the principle of Oneness. Any violation of this principle is an anomaly. Based on the degree of violation, we may define objective-subjective as a scale. The degree of subjectivity is based on our viewpoint. The more anomalies are there in our viewpoint, the more subjective we are.

    Viewpoint means the frame of reference that one uses to view things. The viewpoint can be as broad as the whole universe; but it becomes narrow as it gets identified with the universe and cannot differentiate itself from it. 

    The degree of identification with the universe then gives us a measure of subjectivity. The subjectivity of a viewpoint is then measured by the number of anomalies it cannot see or appreciate because of its identification.

    The objective viewpoint is not identified with the universe. Therefore, it is as broad as the universe and can grasp the oneness of the whole universe. It can see and appreciate all anomalies.

    To attain objectivity one can start recognizing anomalies broadly, and follow them up to become aware of deeper anomalies. As a person continues to spot deeper anomalies, he starts to become increasingly objective in his viewpoint.

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    Notes

    The human society and science is unable to deal with the “spiritual” or the thought universe because it is missing the principle of Oneness as the ideal scene for its logic.

    All our current social problems are the result of our inability to use the true logic of oneness in all variations. We, therefore, fail to see and appreciate the actual anomalies underlying the social problems.

    Please see The Logic to understand the ideal scene for logic.

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    Key Misconception

    A key misconception is not having the proper definitions for objective and subjective.

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    More Misconceptions

    You may discover more misconceptions on your own, if you contemplate on each sentence of the above definition with mindfulness. Please see:

    The 12 Aspects of Mindfulness

    Or, you may end up improving upon this definition.

    Good luck!

    .

    The Logic

    Reference: UNIVERSE: The Basic Definitions

    Logic has to do with how you argue or reason to reach correct or reliable inference. It follows certain principles to reach sound conclusions.

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    Definition of LOGIC

    Logic means the art and method of correct thinking. Logic is applied to get a complete picture of a situation. Logic, therefore, seeks the ideal scene of oneness of knowledge. Any departure from this ideal scene is called an anomaly. 

    The anomalies take the form of discontinuity (missing data), inconsistency (contradictory data), or disharmony (arbitrary data). To handle missing data, logic postulates a datum that brings oneness to the existing data. To handle contradictory data, logic determines the gradient of data that clarifies the contradiction. To handle arbitrary data logic discovers the underlying fixation or identification.

    The logic, therefore, examines data for its associations. These associations are logical when the data can be assimilated into a consistent whole.

    Logic is best applied by starting broad. This allows one to become aware of the broad anomalies. These anomalies then guide one towards more specific anomalies. This narrowing down to specifics finally reveals the key anomaly that underlies the whole situation. Resolving this anomaly then resolves the situation. 

    The mind must have a flexible viewpoint to follows the course of logic. When fixations come to view in the viewpoint itself, then they must also be examined and resolved. 

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    Notes

    Logic provides the mechanics of completing a picture. It involves:

    (1) Perceive correctly (see things as they are)
    (2) Make postulates to fill the gaps (find oneness)
    (3) Arrange concepts from broad to narrow
    (4) Formulate precise definitions for concepts
    (5) Examine phenomena using precise definitions
    (6) Resolve anomalies in what is observed

    We sense the universe and describe it using concepts that can be arranged on a scale from broad to narrow. Realism and nominalism describe the two ends of this scale. The more precisely the definitions fit together into oneness, the more objectivity they provide. The workability of Aristotle’s syllogism depends on the major premise being broad enough to fully include the minor premise.

    Hubbard’s logic is based on the assumption that a being is eternal and he is trying to survive. This is an anomaly because something eternal does not need to survive. Resolution of this anomaly leads to the discovery of Hubbards fixation on individuality, which is an identification and reduces awareness. 

    Hubbard’s logic, as described in the Data Series, is brilliant, but it does not include the ideal scene of oneness. The outpoints described in Data Series may be related to anomalies as follows:

    1. Omit a fact (discontinuity)
    2. Change sequence of events (inconsistency)
    3. Drop out time (discontinuity)
    4. Add a falsehood (inconsistency and disharmony)
    5. Alter importance  (disharmony)

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    Key Misconception

    The key misconception in the subject of Logic is that we do not have a good idea of the ideal scene of logic. Logic exists to provide the complete awareness of what is there. The ideal scene of logic is given by the Principle of Oneness.

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    More Misconceptions

    You may discover more misconceptions on your own, if you contemplate on each sentence of the above definition with mindfulness. Please see:

    The 12 Aspects of Mindfulness

    Or, you may end up improving upon this definition.

    Good luck!

    .

    A Course in Miracles

    Here are my comments on the points in its Preface that summarize this Course.

    Preface to ACIM – A Course in Miracles Original Edition

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    ACIM Preface 17
    Nothing real can be threatened. Nothing unreal exists. Herein lies the peace of God.

    (1) Real = that which confirms the oneness of the Universe
    (2) Unreal = that which violates the oneness of the Universe. All anomalies are unreal.
    (3) Peace of God = the certainty of the oneness of the Universe

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    ACIM Preface 18
    “This is how A Course in Miracles begins. It makes a fundamental distinction between the real and the unreal; between knowledge and perception. Knowledge is truth, under one law, the law of love or God. Truth is unalterable, eternal and unambiguous. It can be unrecognized, but it cannot be changed. It applies to everything that God created, and only what He created is real. It is beyond learning because it is beyond time and process. It has no opposite; no beginning and no end. It merely is.”

    (1) Knowledge = the assimilated experience
    (2) Perception = the sensory data streamed into one’s consciousness
    (3) Truth = that which is continuous, consistent and harmonious within a given context. Truth is relative to the context.
    (4) Law of Love of God = The Principle of Oneness
    (5) God’s Creation = the is-ness of things
    (6) God = The principle of IS-NESS and ONENESS
    (7) Time = the streaming of data when the whole Universe is not being viewed at once.
    (8) Process = A series of steps that take time to execute.

    Truth is unalterable, eternal and unambiguous only when the whole Universe is being viewed at once without streaming of data.

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    ACIM Preface 19
    “The world of perception, on the other hand, is the world of time, of change, of beginnings and endings. It is based on interpretation, not on facts. It is the world of birth and death, founded on the belief in scarcity, loss, separation and death. It is learned rather than given, selective in its perceptual emphases, unstable in its functioning, and inaccurate in its interpretations.”

    (1) Perception = the sensory data streamed into one’s consciousness
    (2) Time = the streaming of data when the whole Universe is not being viewed at once.
    (3) Facts = what you see when the whole Universe is being viewed at once.
    (4) Interpretation = what you see when the whole Universe is not being viewed at once.

    Explanation:

    (1) Perception is streaming of data of the universe to an individual self that has not yet comprehended the whole universe.
    (2) There is streaming of data because the individual self is not viewing the whole universe at once.
    (3) This is so because the individual self  is identifying with some small part of the universe.
    (4) Time is the change and the cycles with beginning and end, which comes about because of the streaming of data.
    (5) The fact is the oneness of the universe when perceived in its wholeness.
    (6) Anomalies of birth, scarcity, loss, separation and death come about because streaming of data has replaced the whole view of the universe.
    (7) The individual self needs to stop identifying itself with some small part of the universe, to stop being subjected to the streaming of data. 
    (8) The solution is for the individual self to step back from any identification.

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    ACIM Preface 20
    “From knowledge and perception respectively, two distinct thought systems arise which are opposite in every respect. In the realm of knowledge no thoughts exist apart from God, because God and His Creation share one Will. The world of perception, however, is made by the belief in opposites and separate wills, in perpetual conflict with each other and with God. What perception sees and hears appears to be real because it permits into awareness only what conforms to the wishes of the perceiver. This leads to a world of illusions, a world which needs constant defence precisely because it is not real.”

    (1) Knowledge = the assimilated experience
    (2) Perception = the sensory data streamed into one’s consciousness
    (3) God = The principle of IS-NESS and ONENESS
    (4) Anomalies exist in perceptual data 
    (5) Unawareness of the principle of IS-NESS and ONENESS makes these anomalies appear very real.
    (6) This unawareness generates a world of illusions (called maya in Hinduism).

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    ACIM Preface 21
    “When you have been caught in the world of perception you are caught in a dream. You cannot escape without help, because everything your senses show merely witnesses to the reality of the dream. God has provided the Answer, the only Way out, the true Helper. It is the function of His Voice, His Holy Spirit, to mediate between the two worlds. He can do this because, while on the one hand He knows the truth, on the other He also recognises our illusions, but without believing in them. It is the Holy Spirit’s goal to help us escape from the dream world by teaching us how to reverse our thinking and unlearn our mistakes. Forgiveness is the Holy Spirit’s great learning aid in bringing this thought reversal about. However, the Course has its own definition of what forgiveness really is just as it defines the world in its own way.”

    (1) Perception = the sensory data streamed into one’s consciousness consisting of anomalies
    (2) God = The principle of IS-NESS and ONENESS
    (3) Meditate = See things as they are; resolve anomalies
    (4) Forgiveness = letting go of identification and its fixations

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    ACIM Preface 22
    “The world we see merely reflects our own internal frame of reference the dominant ideas, wishes and emotions in our minds. Projection makes perception. We look inside first, decide the kind of world we want to see and then project that world outside, making it the truth as we see it. We make it true by our interpretations of what it is we are seeing. If we are using perception to justify our own mistakes our anger, our impulses to attack, our lack of love in whatever form it may take we will see a world of evil, destruction, malice, envy and despair. All this we must learn to forgive, not because we are being good and charitable, but because what we are seeing is not true. We have distorted the world by our twisted defenses, and are therefore seeing what is not there. As we learn to recognize our perceptual errors, we also learn to look past them or forgive. At the same time we are forgiving ourselves, looking past our distorted self-concepts to the Self that God created in us and as us.”

    (1) World = the data streaming in, which is filtered by one’s identification (fixations)
    (2) Perception = the sensory data streamed into one’s consciousness consisting of anomalies
    (3) Identification = Giving self an identity that consists of misconceptions, fixed ideas, assumptions, biases.
    (4) Forgiveness = letting go of identification and its fixations
    (5) God = The principle of IS-NESS and ONENESS
    (6) Individual self = self resulting from identification
    (7) Self = the totality of awareness

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    ACIM Preface 23
    “Sin is defined as lack of love. Since love is all there is, sin in the sight of the Holy Spirit is a mistake to be corrected, rather than an evil to be punished. Our sense of inadequacy, weakness and incompletion comes from the strong investment in the scarcity principle that governs the whole world of illusions. From that point of view, we seek in others what we feel is wanting in ourselves. We love another in order to get something ourselves. That, in fact, is what passes for love in the dream world. There can be no greater mistake than that, for love is incapable of asking for anything.”

    (1) Love = having a feeling of oneness
    (2) Sin = any action that takes away the feeling of oneness by violating it
    (3) Holy Spirit  = The faculty of seeing things as they are
    (4) Evil = An anomaly that is too complex to be resolved easily
    (5) Scarcity principle = a higher value is placed on an object that is scarce

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    ACIM Preface 24
    “Only minds can really join, and whom God has joined no man can put asunder. It is, however, only at the level of Christ Mind that true union is possible, and has, in fact, never been lost. The little ‘I’ seeks to enhance itself by external approval, external possessions and external love. The Self that God created needs nothing. It is forever complete, safe, loved and loving. It seeks to share rather than to get; to extend rather than project. It has no needs and wants to join with others out of their mutual awareness of abundance.”

    (1) Mind = the seat of awareness through assimilation of sensations
    (2) God = the principle of IS-NESS and ONENESS
    (3) Man = the human body-mind-spirit system
    (4) Christ Mind = the mind free of all anomalies, which sees things as they are
    (5) The little ‘I’ = the individual self
    (6) Individual self = self resulting from identification
    (7) Self = the totality of awareness

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    ACIM Preface 25
    “The special relationships of the world are destructive, selfish and childishly egocentric. Yet, if given to the Holy Spirit, these relationships can become the holiest things on earth… the miracles that point the way to the return to Heaven. The world uses its special relationships as a final weapon of exclusion and a demonstration of separateness. The Holy Spirit transforms them into perfect lessons in forgiveness and in awakening from the dream. Each one is an opportunity to let perceptions be healed and errors corrected. Each one is another chance to forgive oneself by forgiving the other. And each one becomes still another invitation to the Holy Spirit and to the remembrance of God.”

    (1) Holy Spirit  = the faculty of seeing things as they are
    (2) Perception = the sensory data streamed into one’s consciousness
    (3) Forgiveness = letting go of identification and its fixations
    (4) God = the principle of IS-NESS and ONENESS

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    ACIM Preface 26
    “Perception is a function of the body, and therefore represents a limit on awareness. Perception sees through the body’s eyes and hears through the body’s ears. It evokes the limited responses which the body makes. The body appears to be largely self-motivated and independent, yet it actually responds only to the intentions of the mind. If the mind wants to use it for attack in any form, it becomes prey to sickness, age and decay. If the mind accepts the Holy Spirit’s purpose for it instead, it becomes a useful way of communicating with others, invulnerable as long as it is needed, and to be gently laid by when its use is over. Of itself it is neutral, as is everything in the world of perception. Whether it is used for the goals of the ego or the Holy Spirit depends entirely on what the mind wants.”

    (1) Perception = the sensory data streamed into one’s consciousness
    (2) Mind = the seat of awareness through assimilation of sensations
    (3) Holy Spirit  = Self = The totality of awareness = the faculty of seeing things as they are
    (4) Ego = the Individual self = self resulting from identification

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    ACIM Preface 27
    “The opposite of seeing through the body’s eyes is the vision of Christ, which reflects strength rather than weakness, unity rather than separation, and love rather than fear. The opposite of hearing through the body’s ears is communication through the Voice for God, the Holy Spirit, which abides in each of us. His voice seems distant and difficult to hear because the ego, which speaks for the little, separated self, seems to be much louder. This is actually reversed. The Holy Spirit speaks with unmistakable clarity and overwhelming appeal. No one who does not choose to identify with the body could possibly be deaf to His messages of release and hope, nor could he fail to accept joyously the vision of Christ in glad exchange for his miserable picture of himself.”

    (1) Vision of Christ = seeing with the viewpoint of oneness.
    (2) God = the principle of IS-NESS and ONENESS
    (3) Holy Spirit  = Self = The totality of awareness = the faculty of seeing things as they are
    (4) Ego = the Individual self = self resulting from identification

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    ACIM Preface 28
    “Christ’s vision is the Holy Spirit’s gift, God’s alternative to the illusion of separation and to the belief in the reality of sin, guilt and death. It is the one correction for all errors of perception; the reconciliation of the seeming opposites on which this world is based. Its kindly light shows all things from another point of view, reflecting the thought system that arises from knowledge and making return to God not only possible but inevitable. What was regarded as injustices done to one by someone else now becomes a call for help and for union. Sin, sickness and attack are seen as misperceptions calling for remedy through gentleness and love. Defenses are laid down because where there is no attack there is no need for them. Our bothers’ needs become our own, because they are taking the journey with us as we go to God. Without us they would lose their way. Without them we could never find our own.”

    (1) Vision of Christ = seeing with the viewpoint of oneness.
    (2) Holy Spirit  = Self = The totality of awareness = the faculty of seeing things as they are
    (3) God = the principle of IS-NESS and ONENESS

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    ACIM Preface 29
    “Forgiveness is unknown in Heaven, where the need for it would be inconceivable. However, in this world, forgiveness is a necessary correction for all the mistakes that we have made. To offer forgiveness is the only way for us to have it, for it reflects the law of Heaven that giving and receiving are the same. Heaven is the natural state of all the Sons of God as He created them. Such is their reality forever. It has not changed because it has been forgotten.”

    (1) Forgiveness = letting go of identification and its fixations
    (2) Heaven = The bliss of being one with everything. 

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    ACIM Preface 30
    “Forgiveness is the means by which we will remember. Through forgiveness the thinking of the world is reversed. The forgiven world becomes the gate of Heaven, because by its mercy we can at last forgive ourselves. Holding no-one prisoner to guilt, we become free. Acknowledging Christ in all our brothers, we recognize His Presence in ourselves. Forgetting all our misperceptions, and with nothing from the past to hold us back, we can remember God. Beyond this, learning cannot go. When we are ready, God Himself will take the final step in our return to Him.”

    (1) Forgiveness = letting go of identification and its fixations
    (2) Heaven = The bliss of being one with everything. 
    (3) Christ Mind = the mind free of all anomalies, which sees things as they are
    (4) God = the principle of IS-NESS and ONENESS

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    ACIM Preface 31
    “This ACIM Course aims at the correction of the fundamental error. All terms are potentially controversial, If you seek clarification you will find it.”

    The fundamental error is an unconscious identification with some part of this universe, and becoming oblivious to the principle of Oneness.

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