Category Archives: Scientology

A History of Man: Chapter Five

Reference: A History of Man

This paper presents CHAPTER FIVE from the book SCIENTOLOGY: A HISTORY OF MAN by L. RON HUBBARD. The contents are from the original publication of this book in 1952.

The paragraphs of the original material (in black) are accompanied by brief comments (in color) based on the present understanding.  Feedback on these comments is appreciated.

The heading below is linked to the original materials.

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CHAPTER FIVE

THE CAPABILITIES OF THE THETA BEING cannot at this time be set down in a full sweep of data. In the first place, it would be unfair to tomorrow to detail in writing the exact constitution of a theta being, for by just that much could he be predicted and brought again into a low state. The auditor does not have to know too much of these full capabilities. The preclear will discover them for himself in processing.

The preclear is the theta being. He will discover his capabilities in processing.

But there are a few data necessary to auditing and these are set forth:

A theta being is capable of emitting a considerable electronic flow. This is not done by using facsimiles but is actually a creation of motion which we now know as “electricity”. A theta being produces considerable voltage and amperage, enough to give somebody a very bad shock, to put out his eyes or cut him in half.

The theta being, on his own, can instill anything on the emotional range into another being for each emotion is a wavelength and wave characteristic.

Apparently, a theta being is operating invisibly (without a body); and it can influence others (with or without bodies) from a distance.

A theta being does not use facsimiles to think or act. He does “mockups” of the situation and by examining the “mock-up” knows how something works or what should be done with a situation. His memory is by pervasion—which is to say by pervading again the area of the data or by approximation. He is not stimulus response.

Facsimiles are accumulated by a theta being at will, discarded at will much as a man collects stamps.

Theta beings can rip chains of facsimiles away from other theta beings. This is not done as a therapy but as an outright prankish theft.

The identity of a theta being is not based on his memory of events but on an actual knowledge of identity.

The mental matrix of a theta being is fully assimilated. It has no unassimilated impressions. He is in full command of his mental matrix.

A theta being can be rendered unconscious by wave action; he can be hypnotized; he can be made to sleep; he can be made to possess facsimiles and use them. He can be aberrated in such fashion so as to forget his identity. He is subject to all the laws and rules of thought emotion and effort as described in Dianetics and Scientology—with the difference that, fairly clear, he has enormous choice in their use.

A theta being can be de-aberrated by ridding him of his chains of facsimiles and restoring to him his knowledge of identity.

A theta being can enjoy existence and emotional impact, he can plan and act. His activities lie about 8.0 on the tone-scale. He is very high aesthetically and devotes most of his time to aesthetics.

Theta beings associate socially with theta beings and have a high sense of justice.

A theta being can be made visible by certain electronic flows; he can be pinned down by certain flows. The wave lengths of these flows are not known to Homo Sapiens at this time and methods of emission of them have not been invented on Earth.

The key anomaly here is that such a theta being has never been demonstrated in Scientology. These are projections of Hubbard from his theories. A preclear may be convinced in processing that he can operate without a body; while he still has a body. 

MEST beings of the class of Homo Sapiens are composite beings motivated by a theta being, entities, the GE and the environment. MEST beings, fallen away from being theta beings, incapable of regaining a theta state in the absence of Dianetics, dislike theta beings (whom we will call THETANS from here on, meaning a theta being who has not been forced to have a MEST body). MEST beings, trying to inhabit an area of THETANS are commonly balked and fought by the thetans and the MEST beings then begin to trap and harass the thetans and will use them to motivate new bodies when the thetans have been reduced to little or nothing in power. The THEY which you will discover in incidents are MEST beings. The current Homo Sapiens is a THEY. Theta beings (amnesia and a MEST body) attack thetans who menace him. Thetans can kill MEST bodies by throwing a charge at them. Thus, a war develops between thetans and MEST beings. Given electronics and hitherto unconquered thetans, MEST beings can and have won.

It is interesting to observe that Hubbard is fixated on conflicts. He is now talking about conflicts between MEST beings and theta beings. He never considers oneness of life and cooperation among beings.

Thetans communicate by telepathy. They can move material objects by throwing an energy flow at them. They can travel at very high speeds. They are not bound by atmospheres or temperatures.

Thetans quarrel with each other by showing each other facsimiles or throwing energy flows at each other, but they are not very quarrelsome.

Thetans do not die. They grow in that there are young and old thetans. Decaying, they obtain MEST bodies and eventually pass out in the form of a solid, apathetic slumber.

A thetan can feel pain. He can be crippled and dismembered, but this requires force which would blow half a town off the map.

Thetans live on some planets. They consider these to be “outside the MEST universe” by which they mean outside areas inhabited by the composite beings, the “races” which use electronics and need bodies.

One gets the impression that Hubbard got all this data from auditing preclears in a uniform and consistent manner; but that is not the case. Hubbard got this data from verifying his “research questions” by E-meter reads on himself.

A thetan, brought low enough to have a MEST body, may consider that he has been trapped by “time warps” or that his universe is another dimension or some such thing. This is not the case. Thetans live in the same time stream with the difference that they can alter concepts of time and get future or past at will—it is THE THETAN who is altering his concept, not the time that is changing. So don’t go off on wild chases after fourth and fifth dimensions, time warps and other time-space universes: teleportation makes it look like these exist for the thetan. There is more to this but you don’t really need it in processing.

There are two states of “theta clear.” One of these is a CLEARED THETAN, from whom all incidents would be removed; the other is the THETAN cleared of a necessity to have a MEST body. When we say “theta clear” we mean the latter.

A THETAN is somewhat bound-in here on Earth because of the existence of other system forces. Probably, with a few THETANS active, this planet will be much less calm and orderly. Probably Homo Sapiens will use electronics some day to re-trap thetans who are bothering him but if Homo Sapiens has the techniques for getting free himself, some miracle might avert this. Possibly a handful of thetans will someday become alarmed at the worries and efforts of Homo Sapiens and try to throw the remaining race into a super-controlled slavery. All that is speculation but it is not a speculation that life will become much more interesting on this planet. It is doubtful if the thetans will pull off the ultimate trick—simply knocking out the atmosphere of the planet— that “clears” everybody after a fashion. There is nothing as wild in the books of Man as will probably happen here on Earth. And it will happen and be allowed to happen simply because all this is so incredible that nobody will even think of stopping it until it is far, far too late. Its incredibility is its best safeguard, so you needn’t bother to convince anybody who doesn’t want to believe it. It took the medical profession two and a half years to catch on to prenatals. People getting cleared of bodies don’t need any such time lag. And so, may I make this simple request—don’t get spectacular until a few of the boys make it. You don’t want to be lonesome—and you’ll need reinforcements if a war gets declared on thetans here. The preclear may think he can do it alone if he gets cleared of a body—he’ll need more help and company than he thinks. So, again, as a final note on this chapter, let’s not go upsetting governments and putting on a show to “prove” anything to Homo Sapiens for a while- it’s a horrible temptation to knock off hats at fifty yards and read books a couple of countries away and get into the rotogravure section and the Hearst Weeklies—but you’ll just make it tough on somebody else who is trying to get across this bridge. Let sleeping Sapiens snore in the bulk for yet awhile. Then meet some place and decide what to do about him and his two penny wars, his insane and his prisons. Tell people who want to invalidate all this, “Your criticism is very just. It’s only fantasy.” Cure up the lame and halt and the incompetent with whatever display of technique you need. Protect theta clearing until there are a few.

None of the above data is useful for auditing. These “research questions” are like a dog chasing his own tail. This is like Hubbard playing with a toy (E-meter) that fascinated him. Seventy years later, all this data from Hubbard is still incredible.

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A History of Man: Chapter Four

Reference: A History of Man

This paper presents CHAPTER FOUR from the book SCIENTOLOGY: A HISTORY OF MAN by L. RON HUBBARD. The contents are from the original publication of this book in 1952.

The paragraphs of the original material (in black) are accompanied by brief comments (in color) based on the present understanding.  Feedback on these comments is appreciated.

The heading below is linked to the original materials.

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CHAPTER FOUR

THE GENETIC LINE consists of the total of incidents which have occurred during the evolution of the MEST body itself. The composite of these facsimiles has the semblance of a being. This being would be called the GENETIC ENTITY or the “GE”.

The GE is not an actual individual, but a composite of individualities assumed in the single lives along the evolutionary track.

The discovery of the GE makes it possible at last to vindicate the theory of evolution proposed by Darwin and to discover the various missing connections in the line as well as to explore the characteristics, goals and developmental urges of organisms on the evolutionary line. Further, the discovery of the GE makes it possible to adjust hitherto contrary material in the theory of evolution.

Darwin and others proposed some scores of years since that an animal body was developed by necessity into successive organisms, each one better adjusted to its environment. The organisms began in simplicity and graduated through successive eons into complexity. Darwin proposed that natural selection was the guiding principle and that protoplasm, genes, etc., were alone capable of modifying the organism. Later workers proposed ingenious theories of electronic mutation. Prior to these discoveries of Darwin and others, Earthmen accepted various impossibilities as the explanation of the variety of animal forms. The Vedic theories persisted until the early A.Ds. when a new cult arose in the Middle East 30° N. Lat. 30° to 80° E. Long. Earth) and proposed that animals had been created suddenly from mud by a Creator and that this included Man. The Vedic peoples had proposed much earlier that a sort of evolution was responsible for the various forms. Darwin and his co-workers picked up this theory after the Vedic hymns had been translated to Europe, about a century earlier, concurrent with the French English conquest of India. Considerable turmoil resulted from the introduction of the Darwinian theories as these were then in direct contrast with the existing superstition. A trial of a schoolteacher who dared teach the theory of evolution in a backwoods area of the United States resulted in a victory for the superstition, the schoolteacher standing convicted. But evolution received so much publicity over the world as a result that it is now the generally taught theory in schools.

We are basically looking at DNA programming here. This programming may appear to us as dreamlike “visualizations.” Together, this whole programming may appear as having an identity of its own. This programming gives us a sequence of evolutionary track to which subject clearing may be applied to discover missing or altered pieces.

However, one should not think of evolution as a standard or precise theory. It is a sprawling and contradictory mass of poorly compiled data taken from ancient swamps and tar pits, and there are many schools of evolution. These are taught un-uniformly in biology classes. Biology is based on “cytology” or the study of cells. Existing theory in cytology is quite contradictory to various tenets of evolution. In other words, the field is poorly integrated and badly understood and not overly gifted with data. The discoveries in Scientology can be addressed to these sciences of biology and cytology with considerable profit. By auditing previously uninformed preclears up this evolutionary line, the results are similar if not identical.

The most direct address to altering the shape and form of the MEST body of the preclear is the auditing of the evolutionary line. Many illnesses, aches and pains are residual in the body line itself. These are restimulated by the environment or the thoughts and actions of the theta being and, once restimulated, alter the physical condition of the body. However, the body is responsive in present time to the command of a re-strengthened theta being and the shape and condition of the body can be otherwise changed than by solely addressing the GE.

Single or multiple cells respond each one as though it had its own GE. Very early on the time track, in the area of the photon converter or the “helper”, the GE and the cell entity are the same, for here the incidents are single cell incidents.

To find anomalies in the DNA programming, much research is required. Hubbard believed that auditing the genetic entity with the E-meter could provide data to reconstruct this programming. 

The theory of the epicenters applies very particularly along the MEST evolutionary line. This theory holds that in any given generation on the evolutionary line, the sum of its counter-efforts will form, in the next generation, the new command post. Every central relay point of the nerve system has been, at some time or another on the evolutionary line, a command post or a sub-command post of the organism. As the organism develops these command posts each one is subjected to new counter-efforts which forms the area of the new command post. Thus, the body has many old command posts from which the “somatic mind” (or GE) controlled all the responses of the body. The “funny bone” in the elbow is an old sub-command post, an old epicenter. Any point of reflex response in the body was an old command post or sub-command post. These epicenters stand along the nerve channels of the body and are like switchboards. They still command their immediate areas and, independently of the central command post in the brain, can cause reaction in their area. The best example of this and the most important point for the auditor is the fact that two separate lines once merged (mollusk) and thereafter worked together as a team. These lines each one now has its own command post, its own memory bank. These two lines are the right- and left-brain lobes. The one in ascendancy ordinarily commands the one in subjugation. The right side of the brain controls the left side of the body. The left side of the brain controls the right side of the body. Mal-coordination of the two halves of the body can be traced to imbalance or confusion or outright warfare between these two control centers. Half-paralysis, stroke, anaesthetized areas can be traced in part to this mal-coordination of the present lifetime epicenters. Each one of these goes back as itself along the same track, generation to generation, sharing the same experiences, until one reaches the mollusk or bivalve state where each one has a prior and independent and separate history. Either one is capable of controlling the whole body. In the bivalve state one finds them at war with each other in an effort to attain sole command of the entire bivalve.

DNA programming consists of epicenters that stand along the nerve channels of the body and are like switchboards. They still command their immediate areas and, independently of the central command post in the brain, can cause reaction in their area.

Right- and left-handedness are caused by these mal-coordinations of the two lines. Actually, one should be neither right-handed nor left-handed but ambidextrous: An entire technique, complete within itself, was worked out some months ago when I first encountered these phenomena. This technique has been working so well for some auditors that they wonder why any newer data is introduced. The technique consists of obtaining optimum communication amongst all epicenters in the body with the result of a complete unity of action by the body. This does a great deal for timing and coordination in general and has been known to eradicate severe psycho-somatic ills. Theta line techniques, being addressed to “I” rather than to the MEST body, produce swifter results.

Here is a wealth of material for the investigator. The principal incidents and circumstances on this line have already been located and were located before this data was released the first time. But innumerable structural puzzles are resolved with this data, and few are the preclears whose bodies do not react vigorously to the suggestion that some of these incidents may exist, so violent is the charge contained in these incidents. An E-meter has been known to drop as many as twenty dials on the auditor’s faint hint of the existence of the “helper” or the “weeper”.

There should be optimum communication amongst all epicenters in the body with the result of a complete unity of action by the body. Any anomaly would require resolution.

Life on the evolutionary line is grim, very tooth and claw. So overpoweringly awesome has been life on this line that the violence pervaded the social theory of psychology for decades and, indeed, has underlain the most basic philosophies of Man’s behavior. Here, at the very least, is the explanation for so many theories in the past.

It should not be overlooked that on this GE line one finds what the uninitiated call “past lives”. This continuous living on the part of the somatic mind does not end with the ape. It continues right on through to present time. The GE contains enormous amounts of data about recent times and past times.

The GE in America seems to have followed the track of the western civilizations. This accounts in part for the strange fact that our histories give us enormous treatises on Greece and nothing on Persia, great tomes on Rome and little on Egypt, enormous writings on that small continent Europe and very little on Asia. A correct track of civilization is not from Phoenicia, through Greece, Rome and Europe to America; it is from China through Chaldea, through Babylonia through Persia, through Achea and minorly through Greece, Rome and Europe since these last form a decline from civilizations at various times and periods. It usually passed through Greece and Rome and Europe, which accounts for our fixation on these minor empires and inferior societies. The point here is that a study of history is very restimulative to the GE and produces body alterations for which the theta being, not having been there usually, cannot account.

According to Hubbard, study of history is very restimulative to the GE (DNA Programming) and produces body alterations for which the theta being, not having been there usually, cannot account.

YOU as a theta being, may or may not have seen Greece or Rome. Your MEST GE has probably activated a body there, just as it has been, (in accordance with Darwin and his Russian copyist, one of the patron saints of the current slave state of Russia, Lysenko) an anthropoid in the deep forests of forgotten continents or a mollusk seeking to survive on the shore of some lost sea.

By the way, if you cannot take a warning, your discussion of these incidents with the uninitiated in Scientology can produce havoc. Should you describe “the clam” to someone, you may restimulate it in him to the extent of causing severe jaw hinge pain. One such victim, after hearing about a clam death could not use his jaws for three days. Another “had to have” two molars extracted because of the resulting ache. The clam and all these incidents are very much present in the GE and can be restimulated easily. So do not be sadistic with your describing them to people— unless, of course, they belligerently claim that Man has no past memory for his evolution. In that event, describe away. It makes believers over and above enriching your friend the dentist who, indeed, could not exist without these errors and incidents on the evolutionary line!

There are anomalies on the evolutionary line that may be restimulated in another.

The auditor should know about this line for it sometimes crosses the theta line, which is to say, it is “co-experienced” in places by the theta being. This is simple to unravel. Also, the preclear may have a GE incident in such forceful restimulation that the auditor has no choice but to audit it. When one says GE incident, he means, of course, anything on the entire evolutionary line including “past lives”. One must not forget that the theta being has also shared, with another (not present) GE some of these past life experiences. One can discover when the theta being first came to Earth, when it first had a Mest body on Earth, and so discover its first contact with some MEST body line—it has co-experienced with a GE in every life where it has had a MEST body.

This DNA programming is part of the mental matrix like all other experience. It is just a deeper part of matrix.

There are extra-terrestrial GEs, perhaps GEs which evolved elsewhere, and which are still elsewhere. These GEs would be on the evolutionary line of some other planet. They would not cross into this evolutionary line. But the theta being, where it has had a MEST body on some other planet may have had it in company with a GE there which had its own peculiarities. One almost never audits such a thing, but it is remarked that it can be there.

The following incidents are audited with the usual tools of Dianetics and Scientology, with due attention to TECHNIQUE 80. One may wonder what a clam might consider an overt act. The best way to find out is to put it on the E-meter and ask. Every one of these, when in evidence to be audited, is part of a motivator-overt combination. When they do not react on a meter, when they do not present themselves to be audited, don’t bother to go looking for them. If they are to be audited, they will react with violence, as much as a five or twenty dial drop on an E-meter. If they drop in such a fashion there is a companion incident, which is to say that they have motivators where they are overt acts and overt acts where they are motivators. Such a drop means that they are being used in present time as motivators or overt acts.

The anomalies at this level exist in the form of overts or motivators. They represent the violation of the principle of oneness.

The Atom

Lucretius said that each atom was life. This may or may not be true. But the first incident one finds in the GE behaves as though the preclear were an atom, complete with electronic rings. This incident audits very poorly until it is located as a companion to some overt act.

There seems to be a “hole in space” immediately ahead of the Atom. Just after this hole is a condition of motion, with the preclear in the centre, with rings of motion travelling around him.

Characteristic of this incident is a state of mind wanting no A-R-C, neither to receive A-R-C, nor to give A-R-C, wanting NO A-R-C give or take. This is a comfortable aloneness. The preclear usually perceives from this his later necessities for ARC on a MEST level.

An atom is the first appearance of a solid structure, around which motion may be anchored.

The Cosmic Impact

As physicists tell us, cosmic rays enter the body in large numbers and occasionally explode in the body. Very early on the track the impact of a cosmic ray and its explosion is very destructive to the existing organism. One is “accepting” rays and suddenly one explodes. Sometimes one is accepting one while another explodes elsewhere. This has been found fairly basic on an anxiety stomach, on acception-rejection confusions. Remember that in all early incidents there is a GE line for the left side of the body and one for the right side and either one can affect the whole body when it is run. Thus, there are ATOMS for the right and left and COSMIC RAYS for the right and left sides both.

There are acceptation-rejection confusions very early on.

The Photon Converter

All early life is fixated on converting photons to energy. One finds the algae and the plankton taking their living from photons from the sun and minerals from the sea.

Because at night there is no sunlight the photon converter sinks into an apathy which aeons later becomes the MEST body’s craving for sleep. This is a basic problem of no energy received, very little storage for energy.

All photon converter incidents are concerned with light and dark. the storms of the sea, the fight to keep from rolling into the surf. The fear of and combat with the merciless surf is characteristic of all early incidents until well after the “weeper”. Sending the ill to the seashore to listen to surf is a guaranteed restimulator.

There are many types of these incidents. A basic one is concerned with fear of sinking, effort to rise, for the photon converter must stay afloat.

Past deaths as a photon converter are common. For only by dying and knowing how one died could the GE utilize the chief counter efforts which menaced. A chain of experience which did not include death would not be able to build efficient organisms and would be unprofitable. Death on the GE line has a very great value and marks progress. Death on the theta line is so much wasted time. Hence the quarrel between the GE and the theta being.

Early on we find the attempts to convert chaos into order. Life was chaos itself that is gradually ordering itself. There is a lot of trial and error. Change in form is very common, which we see as death and birth today.

The Helper

THE HELPER is one of the most powerful incidents in terms of charge on the early track. It is actually mitosis or cell splitting.

The GE carries along a tiny cell, mobile and swimming. Suddenly it decides to divide. It starts to split in half. There is usually an enormous struggle in this splitting. One side wants to split, the other usually does not want to split. Having split, one side is energetic and starts to go about its business. Then it sees that the other side is limp and falling toward the mud below the water. The energetic side turns and dives and tries to nudge the other up to the surface, tries to revive it. The failing side may revive. In the incidents you will find there will be one of two outcomes: the failing side fails despite the other’s efforts; the failing side revives and now, all energetic, swims away leaving to his fate the other that helped it and who is now too weak to live and so sinks and dies.

There are two sides to the HELPER. The whole sequence of the losing side is present, the whole sequence of the winning side is present. The confusion lies in the fact that each is itself, but a moment ago was the other. There are whole squads of HELPERS. It is a confusing area for the GE which therein has much cause for misidentification.

Hubbard is looking from the viewpoint of life acquiring different identities by splitting. In the beginning, life was one. Life was the chaos that was ordering itself. Any charge blows off when life is viewed as the oneness made up of both chaos and order.

The Clam

A variety of incidents may intervene between the HELPER and the WEEPER. These are the evolution chain which includes jellyfish, seaweed and some other forms. It is interesting that immobile states are most liable to have heavy incidents. It is also interesting that bulbous seaweed, uprooted and cast shore by storms, gave Man some of his early experiences with sunlight in the absence of water. A distinct somatic of drying and itching is felt by preclears when they encounter this incident, a restimulation of the drying outer skin of the dying seaweed. It is also interesting that bulbous seaweed is an early pattern of Man’s later general form. Jellyfish incidents are quite remarkable for their occasional aberrative force; the jellyfish sometimes drifts into a cave or grotto and is pressed against the stone by rising tide and waves, thus gaining the first facsimiles which later become a shell as in the clam. Here is an example of the principle of counter-effort moulding the physical shape and necessities of forms.

THE CLAM is a deadly incident but mostly when restimulated on purpose. Although this area of the track is called the CLAM, it is improbable that the actual animal was a clam such as our razorbacks. Visios on this seem to indicate that it is a scalloped-lip, white-shelled creature. The clam was, of course, quite thoroughly fixed to the rocks and the state is very static. The clam had many troubles. The first of these troubles is the double-hinge problem. One hinge wishes to stay open, the other tries to close; thus conflict occurs. Here we have two control centres, both of them more or less equal in power, having no internal communication.

In the jellyfish we have the first third dynamic engrams where the goal is to hold together at all costs. As soon as the hinges are formed in the clam, we have our first efforts to be completely contrary and internally at war. The solution occurs when one hinge goes into apathy and the other assumes complete control.

The hinge epicentres later become the hinges of the human jaw. Should you desire to confirm this, describe to some uninitiated person the death of a clam without saying what you are describing. “Can you imagine a clam sitting on the beach, opening and closing its shell very rapidly?” (Make a motion with your thumb and forefinger of a rapid opening and closing. The victim may grip his jaws with his hand and feel quite upset. He may even have to have a few teeth pulled: At the very least he will argue as to whether or not the shell stays open at the end or closed. And he will, with no hint of the death aspect of it, talk about the “poor clam” and he will feel quite sad emotionally.

The clam had an astonishing number of adventures for so minor a creature. It would get things into its shell and be unable to vet them out. It would get its shell stuck open and be unable to shut it. And it would come loose from its rocks under the surface of the water and get tossed into the broil of the surf. And it would become deserted by the tide and left to bake under a frying sun, a quite uncomfortable situation which restimulates sometimes in a sunburn.

There was or is a spore method of procreation used by the clam. The spore was put on the inside of the lip and permitted to grow. Eventually it became large enough to become a clam on its own and would depart. There is a guardian-emotion on the part of the clam for these spores and a sadness on their departure. But there is more to the spore than this. The spore was like a barnacle. When the clam was cast ashore, these spores were still alive in the shell. The sun would kill the inner cells of the “barnacle” while the outer shell cells still lived. The dead inner cells would form a gas which, under the heat, would explode violently to the agony of the living barnacle shell cells. This bursting was sudden and painful. These spores gave incidents which permitted the human teeth to have a pattern. The ancient bursting engrams are still dramatized by the teeth which, under stress, burst or feel like bursting. Running out some of these bursting incidents will take the ache out of a tooth rapidly. The “fifth nerve channel” is around the mouth and is heavy out of all proportion. A nerve channel is as heavy as it has to conduit pain away from the area. Thus I deduced that there must have been much pain in this area and that the “fifth channel” is the oldest main conduit and so it is. Audit all such incidents for all teeth and you have permanently taken the pain out of toothache and cut down decay. By the way, a barnacle, because of this bursting possibility, at length developed a “blow-out area” a cap which would blow easily. And teeth have such an area. It gives way and makes cavities.

The clam had many, many deaths. A scan across its deaths locates the one in restimulation. You will be amazed to find the clam sufficiently advanced as a cellular-somatic mind to have postulates, to think thoughts.

THE CLAM is actually a group of incidents rather than a single one.

The DNA programming seems to have evolved from resolving the anomalies contained in experiences. The DNA programming itself is not the subject of auditing. Only the unresolved anomalies are the subject of auditing. Such anomalies shall come to attention by themselves in the order they need to be resolved. The basic anomaly here is Hubbard’s fixation on individuality that violates the principle of oneness. 

The Weeper

After leaving the sea, the GE spent a half a million years on the beach. It had already known about air as a plankton, had known about the beach as seaweed and dying clam. But it nevertheless required some half a million years, according to the evolutionists, for the creature to learn to use the land.

The plights of THE WEEPER are many and pathetic. Still obtaining its food from the waves, it yet had to breathe. Waves are impetuous and often irregular. The WEEPER would open up to get food from the water and get a wave in the shell. It would vigorously pump out the water and try to get some air and then, before it could gulp atmosphere, be hit by another wave. Here was anxiety. Being still a shell animal, the mobility of the WEEPER is poor. It could not withdraw rapidly nor advance rapidly. Tides went out and left it to bake and thirst. The sand got into it. And it had to pump water swiftly in order to continue to live.

The WEEPER is so-called because it had to pump salt water. It was deduced that crying in a human being is very unnatural. Why is it that a human has to pump out some salt water in order to feel better—which is to say, why does crying out a grief charge produce such a change in a case? The incident must be one of pumping out salt water.

And this is practically the total activity of the WEEPER which, living perilously on the edge of the surf, had to pump to eat and to breathe. The creature had two pumping tubes. These later became, because they were furthest toward the light, the eyes of the human being. These tubes had very rough treatment, getting full of sand, being battered by surf.

The inability of a preclear to cry is partly a hang-up in the WEEPER. He is about to be hit by a wave, has his eyes full of sand or is frightened about opening his shell because he may be hit. An occluded case is sometimes merely a case of “shell-shut”.

Get the preclear to imagine that his eyes are in his mouth, looking out. Get him to scan through such a situation. You will find the weeper which he has in restimulation.

It you make a preclear go through all the physical notions of sobbing convulsively, no matter what his emotion may be, he may connect with the weeper. Belching, gasping, sobbing, choking, shuddering, trembling, are all manifestations of emotional dramatization of the weeper.

The weeper (originally called “the Grim Weeper” or the Boohoo) had trillions of misadventures. Scanning over these, the auditor will find the one or two which have remained in restimulation, and which are open to auditing.

This approach of searching for incident to audit can be quite confusing and may lead to trouble. In Subject Clearing one starts with anomalies in the present and follows them up. The right incidents come up by themselves.

The Volcanoes

Earth was undergoing volcanic upheavals during the days of life on the beach. Possibly it was this volcanic action which served the chain of evolution for there is a lack of real reason why this evolution should not be continuing on even today. The progress of evolution was cut at the beach, possibly, because the beach is peculiarly subject to violence during volcanic upheavals, sea and land being in clash. Now and then the auditor will find a volcanic upheaval incident in restimulation with its palls of choking sulphurous smoke. It has been suggested that smoking tobacco is a sort of dramatization of volcanoes which, at the least, were spectacular.

The Birds

Occasionally the creatures of the beach, still shell animals, had their troubles with birds which had become so earlier. Birds of a very crude construction developed a taste for clams. Clams had no adequate defense against them. If a clam opened its shell, the bird would thrust in a beak or a claw. If the clam then closed, the bird would fly up into the air. The clam would let go, drop on a rock and become bird food. If the clam didn’t close, it became bird food anyway.

Falling sensations, indecision and other troubles go with the BIRDS.

Sometimes a preclear will come up with an incident where he was a bird or even a bat. The auditor should be very careful about what he would call dub-in. For this one belongs not in the GE but most likely in the theta line with the preclear taking over the body or form of a bird or bat. The incident is quite valid. It does not, however, belong on the GE line.

Theta line incidents occasionally restimulate and group with GE incidents. Auditing brings them apart easily. Thus it is in the case of the BIRDS. For theta beings can fly.

Hubbard assumes an unbroken theta line, which is separate from the genetic line. Theta is the ability to postulate and become aware. Theta, therefore, postulates the genetic line into existence. As the genetic line evolves and becomes very sophisticated the phenomenon of independent thought manifests. This phenomenon of independent thought has been misconstrued by Hubbard as an independent “theta line.” The theta line underlies the genetic line. It is not separate and independent of the genetic line.

Being Eaten

In that so many fish and animals were equipped with so many teeth, it is inevitable that somebody somewhere on the track would have been eaten. And so it is, for there are a great many “being eaten” engrams. These minor circumstances are, of course, motivators. The auditor should realize that the GE itself did some eating and thus there are many of these eating engrams which are motivators. Diet faddists, people who will not eat meat are hung in maybes on the subject of digesting and being digested. Many strange psychosomatic ills and skin manifestation may be traced to these incidents.

Anyone who knows TECHNIQUE 80 knows that dispersal of energy is a difficult condition to run. The GE about to be eaten by a fish, suddenly recognizes the fact. And his attention units disperse. In fact, he may disperse right off the couch. Few auditors, in the absence of TECHNIQUE 80, have been able to run “being eaten” incidents. Knowing about the dispersal of attention units and knowing that this is fear may permit an auditor at last to run and reduce these “being eaten” incidents.

There is a strange compliance on the part of the GE, in some cases, to be eaten. Later on this may take on the form of compliance in being beaten or abused. Masochism on the GE line may have its seat in such incidents. There is an “emotion” of being able to at least assist the survival of another body by letting it be fed.

Auditing an “eating” incident consists of requiring the preclear to locate the dispersal of his attention units and the centre of that dispersal. The attention units may be located far behind the GE in the “eating” incident and should be traced from there back to the preclear until they are reduced.

GE and theta being are two aspects of the same thing. Self-awareness is associated more with the theta being. GE has no self-awareness and it acquires no charge on such incidents of “being eaten.” Charge shall come in only when self-awareness is involved and there is resistance to “being eaten.”

The Sloth

There are many steps and incidents between the BIRDS and the SLOTH. However, they are most of them mobile and few of them are found in high restimulation. With the SLOTH we again find the GE in a state which is not very mobile, not easily defensible, in a world where the evolutionary line has produced more developed and more carnivorous beings.

Man’s line is not very pugnacious. The GE is smarter in Man’s line than the GEs in other lines, but Man’s current intelligence comes from an entirely different quarter than evolution. The SLOTH shows Man’s nature well, so far as GEs are concerned. “Leave me alone and I’ll leave you alone” is the philosophy here. But the sloth was slow and easily attacked and he had bad times falling out of trees when hit by snakes, falling off cliffs when attacked by baboons. And the sloth was trying to THINK. The most pitiful painful efforts at thinking are found in this series.

THE SLOTH is a chain of incidents and misadventures, mostly showing up fear of snakes and of falling.

From GE to Theta Being there is a change in the nature of programming. The programming underlying the GE is not self-aware. But the programming underlying the theta being has increasing self-awareness as present in the capabilities of AI (artificial intelligence).

The Ape

When Man had advanced as far as the APE, he was agile and intelligent. The APE is usually an area of overt acts against animals and incidents of protecting young.

The Piltdown Man

Man’s first real Manhood is found in the PILTDOWN, a creature not an ape, yet not entirely a Man. It is so named not because it is accurately the real Piltdown Man but because it has some similarity.

The PILTDOWN contains freakish acts of strange “logic,” of demonstrating dangerous on one’s fellows, of eating one’s wife and other somewhat illogical activities. The PILTDOWN teeth were ENORMOUS, and he was quite careless as to whom and what he bit and often very much surprised at the resulting damage.

Obsessions about biting, efforts to hide the mouth and early familial troubles can be found in the PILTDOWN. It is a wonderful area in which to locate GE overt acts.

The Caveman

Keeping women at home for men and keeping a man from keeping one at home for women can be found in the CAVEMAN. Here one crippled one’s woman to keep her there or poisoned one’s man for having kept her there. Marital malaction often goes back to the CAVEMAN. Any condition of interpersonal relationships can be found in this area. Jealousy and overt acts around it, strangling, smashing in heads with rocks, quarrels about homes, tribal rebukes pack instincts can be found in THE CAVEMAN.

Awareness of overts enters into picture only at this level of genetic programming.

Past Deaths

It must be kept in mind that past deaths happened to the GE and to the theta being. Any GE has a regular line of past deaths, coming on forward chronologically.

The auditor may have some difficulty locating GE deaths in the last few thousand years because deaths are also registered on the theta line. The GE under processing may have had hundreds of theta beings in command of it down the centuries. There is a matter known as the “second facsimile” or “duplicate facsimile.” A theta being takes a picture of the memory of a GE and carries it as a record. A GE takes a picture of the memories of theta beings and carries those. Thus, there can be many “second facsimiles” of past deaths for the same period of time. One should not be surprised at “discovering” five past deaths all occurring in the same span of years. Some will be second facsimiles, a maximum of two for that period will be actual incidents. One death happened to the theta being using another GE line, the other happened to the GE. They will be in different places at different times.

Second facsimiles are “photographs” of the memories of another. They are still pictures usually. Their characteristic is that they show up with only two or three pictures of some long situation. As they are “pictures” of change and age and everything else, they will show up on an E-meter as charged incidents. But when one tries to audit them, they change into the basic incident, the actual one, the “pictures” vanishing. The existence of a real facsimile in the GE or the theta being will restimulate and hold as locks, pictures taken from former theta beings and GEs. Any death registering, or any incident registering on an E-meter for a certain period in the GE line tells you that there is a real incident in that area. Hunting for the real one, you may find some of these second facsimiles. These usually evaporate when touched and the actual incident is quickly found.

This matter is mentioned because auditors are sometimes puzzled by shifting dates on an E-meter or incidents simultaneously occurring where they should not. An auditor, merely by pursuing the matter, automatically sorts out the second facsimiles which may be there and finds the actual facsimiles which must be audited.

Contact between a theta being and a GE must be very intimate for a photograph to be taken of the other’s facsimiles. Or two beings must be in almost hypnotic rapport for the matter to occur. The facsimiles themselves do not shift from one to the other. One being simply sees, then makes a “picture” of the facsimile of another when that other has the facsimile in restimulation. Any auditor has “seen” his preclear’s incidents.

Hubbard assumes that GE and theta being are two different beings within a person. This is another way of voicing the assumption that the person can exist independent of the body. The correct explanation is that a person can exist without fixation on the body, but he needs the body to exist. This is confirmed in Buddhism. According to Buddhism, there is no such thing as a permanent soul. The soul exists only in a body that is alive.

Assumptions

ASSUMPTION is the name given to the act of a theta being taking over a MEST body. This is occasionally found to be part of the record of the GE strong enough to be audited. It is the sensation of being taken over thoroughly, sometimes contains the shock of contact. The ASSUMPTION takes place in most cases just prior to birth for every GE generation.

Evidently theta being ASSUMPTION is recent on Earth. It is rare to find a theta being coming to Earth 35,000 years ago, rarer to find one earlier. 70,000 years ago is the present earliest arrival of a theta being on Earth. In a great many cases, the preclear (for the awareness of awareness of the preclear IS the theta being) will be found to have arrived on Earth for the first time only a few hundred years ago. E-meter reaction occurs in the GE line on these ASSUMPTIONS and the auditor should be careful to differentiate whether he is reading for the GE or the preclear himself.

The GE takes a poor outlook on ASSUMPTIONS but, in reality, it is not much different to the GE to be taken over by a theta being than by a new epicentre developed in the past generation.

There is a smothering peculiar to ASSUMPTION from the viewpoint of the GE which is followed by a fear of being caught, a desire to hide, a wonderingness at this nothingness which hit him and wrapped him up.

ASSUMPTION is essentially the DNA programming acquiring the next level of artificial intelligence type programming capability. In other words, the mental matrix is becoming more mature. That is the factual explanation. Hubbard has his own theory.

Departures

The GE stays with a dying body to the complete end and then soars upwards and obtains a downview of the dead. This is routine. In that the anaten of death deepens as the end nears and goes deeper than in any other incident, an auditor may leave the end of a death unaudited by carelessness.

The theta being leaves earlier than the GE and the GE sometimes records the departure of the theta being before the GE itself departs from the dying.

There are conditional departures of both in bad accidents and operations.

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The Definition of OPERATING THETAN

Reference: Subject: Scientology Fundamentals

Scientology provides the following definitions associated with OPERATING THETAN.

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Scientology Technical Dictionary

“OPERATING THETAN, 1. a thetan exterior who can have but doesn’t have to have a body in order to control or operate thought, life, matter, energy, space and time.”
… “THETAN EXTERIOR, 1. a being who knows he is a spirit with a body and not just a body.”
… “THETAN EXTERIOR, 2. he’s out but if the body were to be injured he would be back in.”
… “THETAN EXTERIOR, 3. a being not influenced by a body.”
… “THETAN EXTERIOR, 4. a thetan who is clear of the body and knows it but is not yet stable outside.”
… “EXTERIOR, the fellow would just move out, away from the body and be aware of himself as independent of a body but still able to control and handle the body.”

The person knows that his individuality does not depend on the body. His attention is no longer fixated on the body. He can operate freely without any considerations of body restricting him in any way. But this is interpreted in Scientology to mean that a person can operate without a body.

“OPERATING THETAN, 2. willing and knowing cause over life, thought, matter, energy, space and time. And that would of course be mind and that would of course be universe.“

The person has become one with nature and all life in the sense that his postulates are completely aligned with the laws of nature as per the Principle of Oneness. But this is interpreted in Scientology that the person controls the laws of the universe.

“OPERATING THETAN, 3. an individual who could operate totally independently of his body whether he had one or didn’t have one. He’s now himself, he’s not dependent on the universe around him.”

A person can become aware of the programming that is running his body and the mind and become exterior to it. But his beingness is defined by that programming and the postulates underlying it. He cannot exist without them.

“OPERATING THETAN, 4. a Clear who has been refamiliarized with his capabilities.”

As a clear, a person no longer has facsimiles. As an operating thetan, he is learning to exercise his capabilities.

“OPERATING THETAN, 5. a being at cause over matter, energy, space, time, form and life. Operating comes from “able to operate without dependency on things” and thetan is the Greek letter theta (θ), which the Greeks used to represent “thought” or perhaps “spirit” to which an “n” is added to make a new noun in the modern style used to create words in engineering.”

The postulates and considerations of an operating thetan are totally aligned with natural laws governing thought, energy and matter. He, therefore, operates without any effort. It is cooperation rather than dependency. But this is interpreted in Scientology as operating independently of the body and the laws of nature.

“OPERATING THETAN, 6. by operating thetan we mean theta clear plus ability to operate functionally against or with mest and other life forms.”
… “THETA CLEAR, 1. it is a person who operates exterior to a body without need of a body.”

… “THETA CLEAR, 2. that state wherein the preclear can remain with certainty outside his body when the body is hurt.”
“THETA CLEAR, 3. a theta clear, then can be defined as a person who is at cause over his own reactive bank and can create and uncreate it at will. Less accurately he is a person who is willing to experience. Theta clear is stable.”
“THETA CLEAR, 4. theta clear would mean clear of the mest body or cleared of the necessity to have a mest body.”
“THETA CLEAR, 5. there are two types of theta clear, the theta being which is cleared of its necessity or compulsion to have a body and a theta being which is cleared all the way on the track.”
… “THETA CLEAR, 6. the basic definition of theta clear is: no further necessity for beingnesses.”
… “THETA CLEAR, 7. this is a relative not an absolute term. It means that the person, this thought unit, is clear of his body, his engrams, his facsimiles, but can handle and safely control a body.”
… “THETA CLEAR, 8. in its highest sense, means no further dependency on bodies.”
… “THETA CLEAR, 9. an individual who, as a being, is certain of his identity apart from that of the body, and who habitually operates the body from outside, or exteriorized.”

A theta clear would be a person who has resolved all anomalies among his own postulates. He is now becoming an operating thetan as he resolves anomalies with rest of the postulates  of the universe. He is, therefore, able to pervade the whole universe and operate as one with the universe. Scientology interprets it as control rather than cooperation.

“OPERATING THETAN, 7 . this state of being is attained by drills and familiarity after the state of Clear has been obtained. A real OT has no reactive bank, is cause over matter, energy, space, time and thought and is completely free.”

The operating thetan is now learning by exercising its capabilities in the absence of facsimiles.

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Subject Clearing

Apparently, a person is an operating thetan when he operates unrestricted by the consideration of the body. This is interpreted to mean that the person can operate without a body. This is further interpreted to mean that a person is immortal. Therefore, the goal in Scientology is to achieve immortality for one’s individuality. 

According to Subject Clearing, a person is an operating thetan when he no longer has any unassimilated impressions. His postulates and considerations are totally aligned with the natural laws governing thought, energy and matter. He has resolved the anomalies to do with his beingness, and he operates without effort as one with his body and the universe. He is able to pervade the whole universe and resolves anomalies actively as he comes across them. The goal in Subject Clearing is the continual resolution of anomalies to see where it takes us.

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The Definition of the 8TH DYNAMIC

Reference: Subject: Scientology Fundamentals

Here are Hubbard’s definitions related to the 8th Dynamic, which are taken from the Technical Dictionary of Scientology. Let’s look at each definition carefully. 

“DYNAMIC, 1 . any one of the eight subdivisions of the dynamic principle of existence—SURVIVE.”

The concept of DYNAMIC starts with the idea of SURVIVE.

“SURVIVE, the dynamic principle of existence is survive. At the opposite end of the spectrum of existence is succumb.”

This definition provides us with the duality of survive-succumb. The regular English dictionary provides the definition, “to remain or continue in existence or use.”

“SURVIVAL, 1. is a condition susceptible to non-survival. If one is “surviving,” one is at the same moment admitting that one can cease to survive, otherwise one would never strive to survive.”

There is a basic impulse to survive. One may say that reality is surviving because it is simply there. But Hubbard focuses on survival in the context of the individual.

“SURVIVAL, 2. survival might be defined as an impulse to persist through time, in space, as matter and energy.” 

Again, Hubbard’s focus is on the survival of the individual. But one may see that MEST is also surviving.

“SURVIVAL, 3. survival is understood to be the basic single thrust of life through time and space, energy and matter. Survival is subdivided into eight dynamics.”

The eight dynamics are the subdivision of survival.

“DYNAMIC, 2 . dynamic is the ability to translate solutions into action.”

The idea of dynamic boils down to resolving anomalies. That is how one survives.

“DYNAMIC, 3 . the tenacity to life and vigor and persistence in survival.”

Dynamic is tenacity and persistence. This introduces the idea of effort in surviving. But all that effort is directed towards resolving anomalies. Note that before life and the individual emerged on the scene, anomalies were resolved through trial and error. That is how the universe evolved.

“DYNAMICS, there could be said to be eight urges (drives, impulses) in life. These we call dynamics. These are motives or motivations. We call them the eight dynamics. The first dynamic —is the urge toward existence as one’s self. Here we have individuality expressed fully. This can be called the self dynamic. The second dynamic—is the urge toward existence as a sexual or bisexual activity. This dynamic actually has two divisions. Second dynamic (a) is the sexual act itself and the second dynamic (b) is the family unit, including the rearing of children. This can be called the sex dynamic. The third dynamic—is the urge toward existence in groups of individuals. Any group or part of an entire class could be considered to be a part of the third dynamic. The school, the society, the town, the nation are each part of the third dynamic, and each one is a third dynamic. This can be called the group dynamic. The fourth dynamic—is the urge toward existence as mankind. Whereas the white race would be considered a third dynamic, all the races would be considered the fourth dynamic. This can be called the mankind dynamic. The fifth dynamic—is the urge toward existence of the animal kingdom. This includes all living things whether vegetable or animal. The fish in the sea, the beasts of the field or of the forest, grass, trees, flowers, or anything directly and intimately motivated by life. This could be called the animal dynamic. The sixth dynamic—is the urge toward existence as the physical universe. The physical universe is composed of matter, energy, space and time. In Scn we take the first letter of each of these words and coin a word, mest. This can be called the universe dynamic. The seventh dynamic—is the urge toward existence as or of spirits. Anything spiritual, with or without identity, would come under the heading of the seventh dynamic. This can be called the spiritual dynamic. The eighth dynamic—is the urge toward existence as infinity. This is also identified as the Supreme Being. It is carefully observed here that the science of Scn does not intrude into the dynamic of the Supreme Being. This is called the eighth dynamic because the symbol of infinity oo stood upright makes the numeral “8 .” This can be called the infinity or God dynamic.”

The dynamics are an excellent concept that is universally applicable. But Hubbard describes the dynamics from the viewpoint of the individual. This limits the concept.

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Anomaly

In Scientology, these dynamics are viewed in the context of the survival of the individual. Dynamics exist by themselves in the Universe. Why should Dynamics be limited to the survival urge of the individual? This limitation seems to be the result of Hubbard’s fixation on individuality. This is an anomaly because these dynamics are broadly applicable in the context of the universe. 

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Resolution

In mathematical terms the universe is the overall set. It will include all life and individuals. From this viewpoint may define the UNIVERSE as follows:

The universe is not just physical; it is metaphysical too. The universe includes everything whether physical, metaphysical, real, imaginary, postulated or speculated. Nothing is excluded from the universe.

We may express these dynamics from the viewpoint of the universe as follows:

“The basic dynamic is not only SURVIVE but also EVOLVE. The universe cannot help but survive; so, it must evolve. This is the overall dynamic of the universe called the eighth dynamic. The universe, obviously, has an inherent impulse built in it. Therefore, we may say that the eighth dynamic subdivides into the inner impulse and the outer appearance as the seventh and sixth dynamics respectively.

“As the universe evolves from gases to liquids to solids, to minerals, to animated life, to reacting organisms, to thinking mammals, and finally, to self-aware humans, we get life or the fifth dynamic. The humans are such a major step in evolution that they are called the mankind or fourth dynamic.

“The human awareness has evolved under different geographic conditions and locations into different cultures, thinking patterns, abilities, etc. Thus we have subdivisions into many different groups, and each group is seen as a third dynamic. The keynote of a group is its common purpose and cooperation. Within the third dynamic we have the evolution of families to take better care of future generations. This is seen as the second dynamic. There is sexual activity within the context of second dynamic. The keynote here is taking responsibility for the future.

“The second dynamic then provides an environment in which children develop their potential fully as individuals. The problem solving ability of an individual is the highest achievement of evolution. This is the first dynamic.”

Looking at the above, we may that

The EIGHTH DYNAMIC is the universe and beyond. It includes all the lower dynamics.

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The Definition of POSTULATE (old)

Please see Postulate Mechanics: The Basics

Scientology provides the following definitions for POSTULATE.

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Scientology Technical Dictionary

“POSTULATE, n. 1. a self-created truth would be simply the consideration generated by self. Well, we just borrow the word which is in seldom use in the English language, we call that postulate. And we mean by postulate, self-created truth. He posts something. He puts something up and that’s what a postulate is.”

A postulate, such as, “the speed of light is a universal constant” by Einstein, is simply put there to explain a phenomenon. It is treated as self-evident as long as it does not conflict with what is observed. 

“POSTULATE, n. 2. a postulate is, of course, that thing which is a directed desire or order, or inhibition, or enforcement, on the part of the individual in the form of an idea. 

A postulate is continuous, consistent and harmonious with other observations. It is not something arbitrary, whether a directed desire or an idea.

“POSTULATE, n. 3 . that self-determined thought which starts, stops or changes past, present or future efforts.”

The purpose of postulate is to know the unknowable. Self is the ability to postulate and to become aware. Self is not some identity or individuality.

“POSTULATE, n. 4 . is actually a prediction.”

A postulate provides the basis for further reasoning.

“POSTULATE, v. 1 . in Scn the word postulate means to cause a thinkingness or consideration. It is a specially applied word and is defined as causative thinkingness.”

To postulate is to put something up that explains a whole lot of observations.

“POSTULATE, v. 2 . to conclude, decide or resolve a problem or to set a pattern for the future or to nullify a pattern of the past.”

To postulate is to provide stable data that resolves problems or anomalies.

“POSTULATE, v. 3 . to generate or “thunk” a concept. A postulate infers conditions and actions rather than just plain thinks. It has a dynamic connotation.”

To postulate is to conceive a basic concept that explains a whole lot of conditions and actions.

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Subject Clearing

A postulate explains a whole lot of observed phenomena. Therefore, there has to be a set of postulates that explains the knowable universe.

The particle of thought may be called a postulate. A postulate is something, which is put forth with or without reasoning. Its source is unknowable. A postulate is manifested and knowable. It has substance, extents and duration. Postulates may be arranged in a “spectrum” of increasing condensation of thought. The thought in the state of apathy is much more condensed than the thought in the state of serenity. We have an approximation of this “spectrum” in the Tone Scale of Scientology by Hubbard. The size of a postulate is estimated to be trillions of times the size of a photon. Postulates account for all space. This is an area where much research is needed.

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