Reference: Essays on Substance
The Gravity
Newton interpreted gravity as an innate force that acted at a distance. However, he was at a loss to explain how force acted so. Faraday theorized that such a action occurred through lines of force, which later developed into the idea of fields.
Einstein interpreted gravity as the curvature of spacetime caused by mass and energy. To him, spacetime was a mathematical abstraction. Massive objects warped the fabric of spacetime, creating paths along which matter moved. This curvature was gravity.
The Theory of Substance defines substance having inherent properties of consistency and motion. Consistency and motion have inverse relationship. They balance each other such that a body has a constant speed. The velocity of light is finite and constant because its motion is balanced by its consistency.
Thus, a system of two or more bodies always forms a dynamic configuration such that their consistencies and motion are in equilibrium at all times. For example, the Sun, all its planets and their moons are dynamically aligned in such a way that their consistencies and motions are in equilibrium.
The theory of substance does not see gravity as a force. Instead, it sees gravity as the natural tendency of a system to dynamically arrange itself such that there is an equilibrium among all the consistencies and motions involved.
We see the manifestation of gravity in the dynamic configurations of the galaxies, the planetary systems, and the atoms, including their internal structure.
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