I am originally from India. I am settled in United States since 1969. I love mathematics, philosophy and clarity in thinking.

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In this exercise one contemplates on the Four Noble Truths.
- This is suffering
- This is the origin of suffering
- This is the cessation of suffering
- This is the road leading to the cessation of suffering
These truths are part of the mental objects that one needs to be mindful of.
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EXERCISE # 1
PURPOSE: The Contemplation on the First Noble Truth.
STEPS:
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Contemplate on the meaning of the First Noble Truth – DUKKHA.
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Contemplate on each paragraph of the above study.
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Contemplate on dukkha as observed internally within you and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape dukkha and/or which dissolve dukkha.
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Contemplate on dukkha existing to the extent necessary just for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view dukkha objectively.
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EXERCISE # 2
PURPOSE: The Contemplation on the Second Noble Truth.
STEPS:
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Contemplate on the meaning of the Second Noble Truth – The arising of Dukkha.
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Contemplate on each paragraph of the above study.
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Contemplate on arising of dukkha as observed internally within you and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape the arising of dukkha and/or which dissolve the arising of dukkha.
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Contemplate on the arising of dukkha existing to the extent necessary just for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view the arising of dukkha objectively.
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EXERCISE # 3
PURPOSE: The Contemplation on the Third Noble Truth.
STEPS:
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Contemplate on the meaning of the Third Noble Truth – The Cessation of Dukkha.
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Contemplate on each paragraph of the above study.
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Contemplate on the cessation of dukkha as observed internally within you and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape the cessation of dukkha and/or which dissolve the cessation of dukkha.
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Contemplate on the cessation of dukkha existing to the extent necessary just for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view the cessation of dukkha objectively.
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EXERCISE # 4
PURPOSE: The Contemplation on the Fourth Noble Truth.
STEPS:
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Contemplate on the meaning of the Fourth Noble Truth – The Path.
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Contemplate on each paragraph of the above study.
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Contemplate on the path as observed internally within you and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape the path and/or which dissolve the path.
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Contemplate on the path existing to the extent necessary just for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view the path objectively.
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In this exercise one contemplates on the seven factors of enlightenment.
- Mindfulness
- Investigation
- Energy
- Joy
- Tranquility
- Concentration
- Equanimity
These factors are part of the mental objects that one needs to be mindful of.
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EXERCISE # 1
PURPOSE: The Contemplation on MINDFULNESS.
STEPS:
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Contemplate on the factor of mindfulness, when it is present in you.
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Contemplate on the factor of mindfulness, when it is absent in you.
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Contemplate on how the factor of mindfulness arises.
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Contemplate on how the factor of mindfulness may be perfected.
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Contemplate on the factor of mindfulness as observed internally within you, and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape mindfulness and/or which dissolve mindfulness.
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Contemplate on mindfulness existing to the extent necessary just for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view mindfulness objectively.
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EXERCISE # 2
PURPOSE: The Contemplation on INVESTIGATION.
PREREQUISITE: Exercises # 1 above.
STEPS:
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Contemplate on the factor of investigation, when it is present in you.
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Contemplate on the factor of investigation, when it is absent in you.
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Contemplate on how the factor of investigation arises.
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Contemplate on how the factor of investigation may be perfected.
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Contemplate on the factor of investigation as observed internally within you, and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape investigation and/or which dissolve investigation.
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Contemplate on investigation existing to the extent necessary just for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view investigation objectively.
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EXERCISE # 3
PURPOSE: The Contemplation on ENERGY.
PREREQUISITE: Exercises # 2 above.
STEPS:
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Contemplate on the factor of energy, when it is present in you.
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Contemplate on the factor of energy, when it is absent in you.
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Contemplate on how the factor of energy arises.
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Contemplate on how the factor of energy may be perfected.
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Contemplate on the factor of energy as observed internally within you, and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape energy and/or which dissolve energy.
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Contemplate on energy existing to the extent necessary just for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view energy objectively.
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EXERCISE # 4
PURPOSE: The Contemplation on JOY.
PREREQUISITE: Exercises # 3 above.
STEPS:
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Contemplate on the factor of joy, when it is present in you.
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Contemplate on the factor of joy, when it is absent in you.
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Contemplate on how the factor of joy arises.
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Contemplate on how the factor of joy may be perfected.
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Contemplate on the factor of joy as observed internally within you, and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape joy and/or which dissolve joy.
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Contemplate on joy existing to the extent necessary just for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view joy objectively.
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EXERCISE # 5
PURPOSE: The Contemplation on TRANQUILITY.
PREREQUISITE: Exercises # 4 above.
STEPS:
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Contemplate on the factor of tranquility, when it is present in you.
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Contemplate on the factor of tranquility, when it is absent in you.
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Contemplate on how the factor of tranquility arises.
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Contemplate on how the factor of tranquility may be perfected.
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Contemplate on the factor of tranquility as observed internally within you, and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape tranquility and/or which dissolve tranquility.
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Contemplate on tranquility existing to the extent necessary just for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view tranquility objectively.
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EXERCISE # 6
PURPOSE: The Contemplation on CONCENTRATION.
PREREQUISITE: Exercises # 5 above.
STEPS:
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Contemplate on the factor of concentration, when it is present in you.
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Contemplate on the factor of concentration, when it is absent in you.
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Contemplate on how the factor of concentration arises.
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Contemplate on how the factor of concentration may be perfected.
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Contemplate on the factor of concentration as observed internally within you, and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape concentration and/or which dissolve concentration.
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Contemplate on concentration existing to the extent necessary just for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view concentration objectively.
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EXERCISE # 7
PURPOSE: The Contemplation on EQUANIMITY.
PREREQUISITE: Exercises # 6 above.
STEPS:
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Contemplate on the factor of equanimity, when it is present in you.
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Contemplate on the factor of equanimity, when it is absent in you.
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Contemplate on how the factor of equanimity arises.
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Contemplate on how the factor of equanimity may be perfected.
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Contemplate on the factor of equanimity as observed internally within you, and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape equanimity and/or which dissolve equanimity.
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Contemplate on equanimity existing to the extent necessary just for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view equanimity objectively.
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In this exercise one contemplates on the six internal and external sense bases.
- Eye and visual forms
- Ear and sounds
- Nose and smells
- Tongue and flavors
- Body and tactual objects
- Mind and mental objects
These sense bases are part of the mental objects that one needs to be mindful of.
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EXERCISE # 1
PURPOSE: The Contemplation on EYES and VISUAL FORMS.
STEPS:
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Contemplate on the existence of eyes and visual forms.
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Contemplate on the limitations resulting from dependence on eyes and visual forms.
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Contemplate on how such limitations arise.
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Contemplate on how such limitation may be abandoned.
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Contemplate on how these limitations, once abandoned, may be prevented from recurring.
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Contemplate on the dependence as observed internally within you and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape the dependence and/or which dissolve the dependence.
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Contemplate on eyes and visual forms existing to the extent necessary just for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view eyes and visual forms as mental objects leading to dependence.
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EXERCISE # 2
PURPOSE: The Contemplation on EAR and SOUNDS.
PREREQUISITE: Exercise # 1 above.
STEPS:
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Contemplate on the existence of ear and sounds.
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Contemplate on the limitations resulting from dependence on ear and sounds.
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Contemplate on how such limitations arise.
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Contemplate on how such limitation may be abandoned.
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Contemplate on how these limitations, once abandoned, may be prevented from recurring.
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Contemplate on the dependence as observed internally within you and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape the dependence and/or which dissolve the dependence.
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Contemplate on ear and sounds existing to the extent necessary just for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view ear and sounds as mental objects leading to dependence.
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EXERCISE # 3
PURPOSE: The Contemplation on NOSE and SMELLS.
PREREQUISITE: Exercise # 2 above.
STEPS:
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Contemplate on the existence of nose and smells.
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Contemplate on the limitations resulting from dependence on nose and smells.
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Contemplate on how such limitations arise.
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Contemplate on how such limitation may be abandoned.
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Contemplate on how these limitations, once abandoned, may be prevented from recurring.
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Contemplate on the dependence as observed internally within you and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape the dependence and/or which dissolve the dependence.
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Contemplate on nose and smells existing to the extent necessary just for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view nose and smells as mental objects leading to dependence.
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EXERCISE # 4
PURPOSE: The Contemplation on TONGUE and FLAVORS.
PREREQUISITE: Exercise # 3 above.
STEPS:
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Contemplate on the existence of tongue and flavors.
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Contemplate on the limitations resulting from dependence on tongue and flavors.
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Contemplate on how such limitations arise.
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Contemplate on how such limitation may be abandoned.
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Contemplate on how these limitations, once abandoned, may be prevented from recurring.
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Contemplate on the dependence as observed internally within you and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape the dependence and/or which dissolve the dependence.
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Contemplate on tongue and flavors existing to the extent necessary just for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view tongue and flavors as mental objects leading to dependence.
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EXERCISE # 5
PURPOSE: The Contemplation on BODY and TACTUAL OBJECTS.
PREREQUISITE: Exercise # 4 above.
STEPS:
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Contemplate on the existence of body and tactual objects.
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Contemplate on the limitations resulting from dependence on body and tactual objects.
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Contemplate on how such limitations arise.
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Contemplate on how such limitation may be abandoned.
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Contemplate on how these limitations, once abandoned, may be prevented from recurring.
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Contemplate on the dependence as observed internally within you and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape the dependence and/or which dissolve the dependence.
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Contemplate on body and tactual objects existing to the extent necessary just for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view body and tactual objects as mental objects leading to dependence.
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EXERCISE # 6
PURPOSE: The Contemplation on MIND and MENTAL OBJECTS.
PREREQUISITE: Exercise # 5 above.
STEPS:
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Contemplate on the existence of mind and mental objects.
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Contemplate on the limitations resulting from dependence on mind and mental objects.
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Contemplate on how such limitations arise.
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Contemplate on how such limitation may be abandoned.
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Contemplate on how these limitations, once abandoned, may be prevented from recurring.
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Contemplate on the dependence as observed internally within you and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape the dependence and/or which dissolve the dependence.
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Contemplate on mind and mental objects existing to the extent necessary just for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view mind and mental objects as mental objects leading to dependence.
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In this exercise one contemplates on the following five aggregates of clinging.
- Material form
- Feeling
- Perception
- Formations
- Consciousness
Aggregates are factors that are working together in combination as a physio-psychological machine. Aggregates of clinging are part of the mental objects that one needs to be mindful of.
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EXERCISE # 1
PURPOSE: The Contemplation of MATERIAL FORMS as mental objects
STEPS:
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Look at the fact that there are material forms. Contemplate on the existence of material forms. Examine the reality of material forms for discontinuity, disharmony or inconsistency.
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Look at the fact that material forms arise. Contemplate on the arising of material forms. Examine the arising of material form closely as above
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Look at the fact that material forms disappear. Contemplate on the disappearance of material forms. Examine the disappearance of material form closely as above.
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Contemplate on material forms as observed internally within you and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape material forms and/or which dissolve material forms.
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Contemplate on mental forms as existing to the extent necessary just for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view mental forms as mental objects leading to clinging.
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EXERCISE # 2
PURPOSE: The Contemplation of FEELINGS as mental objects
PREREQUISITE: Exercise # 1 above
STEPS:
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Look at the fact that there are feelings. Contemplate on the existence of feelings. Examine the reality of feelings for discontinuity, disharmony or inconsistency.
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Look at the fact that feelings arise. Contemplate on the arising of feelings. Examine the arising of feelings closely as above
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Look at the fact that feelings disappear. Contemplate on the disappearance of feelings. Examine the disappearance of feelings closely as above.
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Contemplate on feelings as observed internally within you and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape feelings and/or which dissolve feelings.
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Contemplate on feelings as existing to the extent necessary just for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view feelings as mental objects leading to clinging.
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EXERCISE # 3
PURPOSE: The Contemplation of PERCEPTIONS as mental objects
PREREQUISITE: Exercise # 2 above
STEPS:
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Look at the fact that there are perceptions. Contemplate on the existence of perceptions. Examine the reality of perceptions for discontinuity, disharmony or inconsistency.
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Look at the fact that perceptions arise. Contemplate on the arising of perceptions. Examine the arising of perceptions closely as above
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Look at the fact that perceptions disappear. Contemplate on the disappearance of perceptions. Examine the disappearance of perceptions closely as above.
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Contemplate on perceptions as observed internally within you and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape perceptions and/or which dissolve perceptions.
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Contemplate on perceptions as existing to the extent necessary just for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view perceptions as mental objects leading to clinging.
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EXERCISE # 4
PURPOSE: The Contemplation of FORMATIONS as mental objects
PREREQUISITE: Exercise # 3 above
STEPS:
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Look at the fact that there are formations. Contemplate on the existence of formations. Examine the reality of formations for discontinuity, disharmony or inconsistency.
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Look at the fact that formations arise. Contemplate on the arising of formations. Examine the arising of formations closely as above
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Look at the fact that formations disappear. Contemplate on the disappearance of formations. Examine the disappearance of formations closely as above.
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Contemplate on formations as observed internally within you and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape formations and/or which dissolve formations.
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Contemplate on formations as existing to the extent necessary just for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view formations as mental objects leading to clinging.
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EXERCISE # 5
PURPOSE: The Contemplation of CONSCIOUSNESS as mental object
PREREQUISITE: Exercise # 4 above
STEPS:
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Look at the fact that there is consciousness. Contemplate on the existence of consciousness. Examine the reality of consciousness for discontinuity, disharmony or inconsistency.
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Look at the fact that consciousness arises. Contemplate on the arising of consciousness. Examine the arising of consciousness closely as above
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Look at the fact that consciousness disappears. Contemplate on the disappearance of consciousness. Examine the disappearance of consciousness closely as above.
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Contemplate on consciousness as observed internally within you and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape consciousness and/or which dissolve consciousness.
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Contemplate on consciousness as existing to the extent necessary just for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view consciousness as mental object leading to clinging.
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In this exercise one contemplates on the following five hindrances to meditation:
- Sense-desire
- Anger
- Sloth and torpor
- Agitation and remorse
- Doubt
Hindrances are part of mental objects, which are to be viewed the way one views physical objects.
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EXERCISE # 1
PURPOSE: The Contemplation of SENSE DESIRES as mental objects
STEPS:
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Contemplate on instances when a sense desire had arisen and was present. When you find such an instance examine it for discontinuity, disharmony or inconsistency.
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Contemplate on instances when a sense desire had subsided and was no longer present. When you find such an instance examine it closely as above.
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Contemplate on instances when something appeared, which then led to arising of a sense desire. When you find such an instance examine closely it as above.
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Contemplate on instances when something appeared, which then led to the abandonment of a sense desire. When you find such an instance examine it closely as above.
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Contemplate on ways that the arising of a sense desire can be prevented in future.
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Contemplate on sense desires as observed by you internally and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape a sense desire and/or which dissolve a sense desire.
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View the sense desires as mental objects necessary for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view sense desires objectively.
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EXERCISE # 2
PURPOSE: The Contemplation of ANGER as a mental object
PREREQUISITE: Exercise #1 above
STEPS:
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Contemplate on instances when anger had arisen and was present. When you find such an instance examine it for discontinuity, disharmony or inconsistency.
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Contemplate on instances when anger had subsided and was no longer present. When you find such an instance examine it closely as above.
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Contemplate on instances when something appeared, which then led to arising of anger. When you find such an instance examine closely it as above.
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Contemplate on instances when something appeared, which then led to the abandonment of anger. When you find such an instance examine it closely as above.
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Contemplate on ways that the arising of anger can be prevented in future.
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Contemplate on anger as observed by you internally and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape anger and/or which dissolve anger.
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View anger as a mental object necessary for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view anger objectively.
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EXERCISE # 3
PURPOSE: The Contemplation of SLOTH and TORPOR as mental objects
PREREQUISITE: Exercise #2 above
STEPS:
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Contemplate on instances when sloth and torpor had arisen and wwere present. When you find such an instance examine it for discontinuity, disharmony or inconsistency.
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Contemplate on instances when sloth and torpor had subsided and were no longer present. When you find such an instance examine it closely as above.
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Contemplate on instances when something appeared, which then led to arising of sloth and torpor. When you find such an instance examine closely it as above.
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Contemplate on instances when something appeared, which then led to the abandonment of sloth and torpor. When you find such an instance examine it closely as above.
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Contemplate on ways that the arising of sloth and torpor can be prevented in future.
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Contemplate on sloth and torpor as observed by you internally and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape sloth and torpor and/or which dissolve sloth and torpor.
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View sloth and torpor as mental objects necessary for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view sloth and torpor objectively.
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EXERCISE # 4
PURPOSE: The Contemplation of AGITATION and REMORSE as mental objects
PREREQUISITE: Exercise #3 above
STEPS:
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Contemplate on instances when agitation and remorse had arisen and wwere present. When you find such an instance examine it for discontinuity, disharmony or inconsistency.
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Contemplate on instances when agitation and remorse had subsided and wwere no longer present. When you find such an instance examine it closely as above.
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Contemplate on instances when something appeared, which then led to arising of agitation and remorse. When you find such an instance examine closely it as above.
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Contemplate on instances when something appeared, which then led to the abandonment of agitation and remorse. When you find such an instance examine it closely as above.
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Contemplate on ways that the arising of agitation and remorse can be prevented in future.
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Contemplate on agitation and remorse as observed by you internally and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape agitation and remorse and/or which dissolve agitation and remorse.
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View agitation and remorse as mental objects necessary for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view agitation and remorse objectively.
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EXERCISE # 5
PURPOSE: The Contemplation of DOUBT as a mental object
PREREQUISITE: Exercise #4 above
STEPS:
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Contemplate on instances when doubt had arisen and was present. When you find such an instance examine it for discontinuity, disharmony or inconsistency.
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Contemplate on instances when doubt had subsided and was no longer present. When you find such an instance examine it closely as above.
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Contemplate on instances when something appeared, which then led to arising of doubt. When you find such an instance examine closely it as above.
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Contemplate on instances when something appeared, which then led to the abandonment of doubt. When you find such an instance examine it closely as above.
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Contemplate on ways that the arising of doubt can be prevented in future.
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Contemplate on doubt as observed by you internally and also externally in others.
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Contemplate on factors that shape doubt and/or which dissolve doubt.
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View doubt as a mental object necessary for knowledge and mindfulness.
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Repeat this exercise in “20 minute sessions”, until you can comfortably view doubt objectively.
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