Reference: Answer from Barak Shoshany at What is quantum field theory?
I loved the answer from Barak Shoshany. My understanding of Quantum Field Theory is developing as follows.
(1) A “particle” is a high frequency pulse in a low-frequency background field. We may refer to the low-frequency field as the corresponding “space”.
(2) Movement of a “particle” within the “space” is like movement of a pulse relative to other pulses within a field.
(3) A pulse is seen as continuous with the surrounding field. Thus a “quantum particle” is always continuous with the surrounding “field space”.
(4) The steep gradient of frequency change from “field space” to “quantum particle” appears as gravity around a particle. The high frequency of the particle appears as mass.
(5) The “quantum particle” may be wide enough to contain a still higher “frequency spike” within it. The frequency spike shall appear as “condensed particle” within the particle. The particle shall now be perceived relatively as space.
(6) Thus there can be more condensed particle within a particle; and more condensed space within a space. It is just how you look at it. At higher frequencies the “particle – space” shall appear more condensed.
(7) Thus all particles shall be related to each other. They will maintain continuity among themselves.
(8) The “wave-particle” duality is now adequately explained by this iterative “particle – space” model.
(9) The nucleus of an atom is a particle within the electronic field of the atom. And the electronic field of the atom is a particle within the field we call space. So the nucleus of an atom is a “particle within a particle”. This makes atom a “compound particle”.
(10) The particle is a high frequency pulse within a pulsating field. Its motion shall be measured relative to similar pulses in the field. It may appear either motionless or in motion.
(11) The Higgs field is more like the theoretical field of zero frequency or “undisturbed space”. It is the basis of all other “disturbed spaces” or fields.
(12) Any spike in Higgs field will appear as “creation of mass” because one is going from zero to a finite frequency. To go from zero to the mass of atomic nucleus is a big jump in frequency and will require a large amount of energy.
(13) Fields interact with each other. A field converts energy from interaction into a particle. Energy is conserved but not the number of particles.
(14) The location of a particle shall be the “footprint” of the particle in its relative space. This “footprint” is a finite dimension of the order of the wavelength of the surrounding space. This location may be approximated by a Euclidean point only when the particle is highly condensed, such as, the nucleus of an atom.
(15) Heisenburg’s Uncertainty principle assumes that all locations may be approximated by a Euclidean point. This assumption is questionable.
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In QM we replace the phase amplitude of electromagnetic wave by a phase probability. This is because electromagnetic wave is a condition of space. There is an appearance of distance but there is really no displacement or travel in space because it is the space itself.
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I am enjoying this direction of exploration.
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ELECTRON & THE NUCLEUS OF AN ATOM
The key material-substance is the nucleus of an atom. It provides the solidity of material to us. This is what takes part in collisions. The laws of Newton apply to the nucleus of an atom.
The key field-substance is the electron that surrounds the nucleus. The electron is like a rapidly spinning “whirlpool” with a radius extending outwards. It is spinning much faster at its center where it is negative. It is spinning at a slower rate at its periphery of larger radius, where it is positive relative to its negative core.
An electron is not solid. It’s quantization is much less that that of the nucleus. The electron and the nucleus are in an equilibrium the same way that a black body is in equilibrium with its radiation.
The material-substance (nucleus) is vibrating within a small range exchanging kinetic energy with potential energy. The electron which is in equilibrium is vibrating with a much larger range exchanging electric with magnetic energies. The kinetic energy seems to appear as electric field, and the potential energy seems to appear as the magnetic field.
Here we have the starting point of Faraday’s line of force.
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The original article above seems to describe the process of quantization. Quantization is gradual congealing of substance so it becomes more substantial. A particle is simply a higher quantization of wave.
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From the original post:
(4) The steep gradient of frequency change from “field space” to “quantum particle” appears as gravity around a particle. The high frequency of the particle appears as mass.
Gravity is the outcome of the natural tendency to even out the gradient of frequency (or quantization) between particles.
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Instead of wave-particle duality the characteristic that should be considered is the degree of quantization. Quantization should replace the idea of “wave” or “particle”.
Increasing quantization means increasing structure. Thus, quantization leads to discrete energy levels among field-substance, such as those assigned to orbitals. Einstein referred to light (photon) energy levels as “quanta”.
Within an electron “whirlpool” there are increasing energy levels from its periphery to the center. Similar consideration applies to the atom as a whole. These energy levels relate to the electromagnetic frequency.
Photon energy levels increase into X-ray and Gamma range, but there is a limit to it. At some point radioactivity sets in. There is interaction between energy levels of field-substance (photons) and material-substance (atomic particles). They convert into each other maintaining an equilibrium.
The “wave-particle duality” is all about understanding the relationship between the field-substance and the material-substance. There is a huge difference between their quantization levels. This huge step up of quantization occurs in a very narrow window of atomic dimensions.
The main contributor to this quantization step-up is the “mass” component of momentum that “precipitates” from the field-substance. As “mass” precipitates, “velocity” also seem to precipitate.
It is unlikely that negative electrons revolve around a positive nucleus as hypothesized by Bohr. Electrons are much more complicated than that. They seem to be made up of a series of increasing quantizations toward the center of the atom. Each level of quantization seem to be regarded as an electron but that appears to be a simplification.
Dimensional Analysis shows that mass has same dimensions as charge (L^3 T^-2). Charge is a property within the atom that comes about because of increasing gradient of quantization. This gradient leads ultimately to the nucleus of the atom that is considered to have mass.
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A Euclidean point may itself have dimensions when a lesser level of quantization is considered.
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I believe that this universe is deterministic provided the values of all the variables are known. Quantization is a variable in the form of the “congealing” of substance-space-time. This congealing occurs in field-substance from space to the nucleus of an atom.
The next phase of congealing is how compact the nuclei of the atoms are as in the periodic table.
The next phase of congealing may be how compact the molecules are in their structure that are formed.
The levels of congealing for material-substance is how densely the atoms and molecules exist in an overall structure. This is generally called DENSITY.
So QUANTIZATION may be considered to be the “density” of the field-substance. The variation in quantization forms the electromagnetic spectrum.
It seems that quantum mechanics has gone to the route of “probability distribution” because all its measurements use the reference of material-substance. This does not take into account the quantization as a variable that applies to what is being measured at the quantum level.
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