What is Space-Time, Really?

space-time

COMMENT 02/19/2023
Awareness is there because of postulates. Motion, space and time are the result of postulates. Space and time are the two dimensions of motion. So, awareness is inherent to them.

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Motion and awareness seem to be aspects of each other. Please see What is Awareness, Scientifically?

In Physics, the most fundamental form of motion is the electromagnetic radiation. This motion is understood to be varying fields with wavelike characteristics. It has wavelength, period and frequency. The frequency provides a measure of the energy present per the relation, E = hν.

The wavelength of this motion can be said to provide a sense of extent, which we know as space. Space is basically an awareness of extent.

The period of this motion can be said to provide a sense of duration, which we know as time. Time is basically an awareness of duration.

But neither space nor time are absolute. They are even transformable into each other. There is no absolute unit of time. Therefore, frequency cannot be defined simply as an inverse of period. Frequency is related to space-time.

Thus, frequency, which provides a sense of energy, must lie in the dimension of space-time. In other words, space-time is not empty. Space-time is filled with the sense of energy.

Space-time is basically an awareness of energy.

If there is no energy there shall be no space-time.

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There is an overall awareness of motion. Motion may be described in terms of wavelength (extent), period (duration), and frequency (energy) as its characteristics.

Thus overall awareness of motion may be described in terms of space (awareness of extent), time (awareness of duration), and space-time (awareness of energy) respectively.

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What is Awareness, Scientifically?

Awareness

COMMENT 02/19/2023
A person is a system of postulates. He is aware as a result.

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From Wikipedia:

“Awareness is the state or ability to perceive, to feel, or to be conscious of events, objects, thoughts, emotions, or sensory patterns. In this level of consciousness, sense data can be confirmed by an observer without necessarily implying understanding. More broadly, it is the state or quality of being aware of something. In biological psychology, awareness is defined as a human’s or an animal’s perception and cognitive reaction to a condition or event…

“Awareness is a relative concept. An animal may be partially aware, may be subconsciously aware, or may be acutely unaware of an event. Awareness may be focused on an internal state, such as a visceral feeling, or on external events by way of sensory perception. Awareness provides the raw material from which animals develop qualia, or subjective ideas about their experience.”

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Here awareness is being described in terms of human subjectivity. This subjectivity seems to be taken for granted as awareness. It is being used as a “standard” to measure the awareness of other animals, organisms and objects. An objective definition of awareness seems to be missing.

In order to define awareness scientifically, let’s do the following thought experiment. Imagine being out there in the interstellar space, but with no stars or heavenly bodies around to provide any reference points. Pay attention to your motion. You will find that there is no awareness of motion even when you could be moving at the speed of light. Awareness arises only when there is a change in motion and inertia is manifested.

Light that contributes to awareness seems to be made up of changing electrical and magnetic fields. Inertia in the form of permittivity and permeability accompanies the changing fields. Objects that contribute to awareness seem to be full of changing motion at molecular and atomic levels. Awareness of sensations, such as push and pull, accompany changes in motion and inertia.

Science talks about structure like visual cortex or other parts of the brain to explain awareness. But the brain too is made up of atoms and molecules, neurons and electrical impulses. All such phenomena consist of motion. So there is motion outside the brain as well as inside the brain. Science is simply associating the motion inside the brain with awareness.

Thus awareness  cannot be separated from changes in motion and inertia. Motion accompanies all change. Even the change in color is a very fine motion.

We think of awareness in human context as something subjective and complex. This is a human-centric perspective, which once held that Earth is at the center of the universe. If we look at awareness objectively, it is found to be intimately tied to changes in motion and inertia.

Awareness is intimately tied with changes in motion and inertia.

Atoms consist of continually changing motion. An effect of that is the properties expressed in the periodic table. Simple motion associated with electromagnetic waves leads to simple properties. Extremely complex motion associated with human make-up leads to complex properties. These properties include the human awareness that we are subjectively familiar with.

Awareness is expressed in the properties of inanimate objects and animated organisms. 

This is a very different take on awareness of which human awareness is a special case. If we move away from the narrow, human-centric view, we find that awareness is all around us.

The universe is imbued with changing motion and inertia, and thus, it is imbued with awareness.

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Alan Watts ~ Seeing Through The Illusion Of The World

Speed of Light (old)

speed_of_light_by_seasonaldragon1-d3i9ujp

Reference: Speed of Light Essays

The speed of light seems to be a property of space, but then space itself is not absolute. It appears that the constancy of speed of light is only a working assumption at the moment. This assumption may be improved in the future.

Here are some arguments:

(1) When we are moving in space we measure our velocity with respect to some fix coordinates of space. We then measure the velocity of another body with respect to the same fixed coordinates of space. These two objects, when they approach each other.with the same velocity, have a relative velocity of twice that value.

(2) When we measure the velocity of light it is always at a constant rate, regardless of how fast we move towards or away from a source of light. This means that light is not something that is moving with respect to some fixed coordinates of space. Light itself is a property of space, just as those fixed coordinates are.

(3) Thus, electromagnetic energy seems to be a phenomenon of space. Looking at the wave/particle properties being demonstrated by most things, particles may then be considered to be a phenomenon of space as well. Particles popping out of space and then disappearing back would then make sense. Mass being formed out of space would also make sense.

(4) In short, we may be looking at a phenomenon of which space, energy, and mass are simply different aspects. The transitions among space-energy-mass seem to be accounted by the aspect of time.

(5) Thus, space, energy, mass and time are all interrelated. The dimensions of space and time are not independent of energy and mass.

(6) Light energy is represented by a transverse wave having the properties of wavelength, period and frequency. Wavelength and period are defined by the dimensions of space and time respectively. Space and time are related to energy through the wave function.

(7) The characteristic of light is best described by its frequency. The frequency spectrum extends to all types of electromagnetic radiation. Using de Broglie’s hypothesis we may extend this spectrum to mass particles as well.

(8) The frequency of gamma rays appears at the upper end of the electromagnetic spectrum, and it is of the order of 10^19 (or 2^64.7) Hz. The de Broglie frequency of  220,000 eV electron moving at 0.9c is 2^65.4 Hz. NOTE: It is convenient to express frequency on a logarithmic scale as a power of 2, and prefix it with DL (disturbance level). On this logarithmic scale, the frequency of gamma ray and electron will appear at DL64.7 and DL65.4 respectively.

(9) We are making our observations of light from a frame of reference defined by earth. The frequency of visible light is at about DL49, whereas the de Broglie “frequency” associated with earth is at about DL182. These two frequency levels are so far apart that if there are any variations in the speed of light due to its frequency, it would be practically imperceptible in the frame of reference of earth.

(10) The wavelength and period of light may appear different in different frames of reference. The time-space-energy-mass phenomenon may best be described by frequency on the DL scale.

Hopefully these ideas provide a new basis from which to look at the phenomena of Space, Time, Energy and Mass.

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The Boundary of the Universe

universe

The universe seems to have a boundary even when it is considered to be infinite. This is because there is a limit to what one can be aware of. Thus one’s awareness seems to establish a boundary beyond which there is non-awareness.

This boundary is very likely made up of decreasing awareness of what is there. These gradients of decreasing awareness ultimately disappear into non-awareness.

We may assume the shape of this boundary of awareness to be spherical or close to being spherical. As the outer form of awareness is light, we may assume this outer boundary to be made up of light, which encloses the universe.

In any case, the surface of the universe, thus created by awareness and light, is most likely to be curved and having a convex appearance. This means that light or EMR at the boundary must curve onto itself. We suppose that light travels in straight lines, but it seems possible that light has a curvature even when it is imperceptible.

It is conjectured that as the frequency of EMR increases, its curves upon itself more sharply. Thus, it may be postulated that the volume enclosed by EMR decreases, and the density increases, with increasing frequency.

The electronic shells in an atom and its nucleus may ultimately be the result of this condensation of EMR.

When the EMR curves upon itself it also seems to lock up as a “standing wave.” This gives rise to quantum levels, as visible in the electronic shells of an atom.

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